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Immunohistochemistry was performed on 26 CHB and 42 CHC liver biopsies to determine Th (CD4+), Th1 (T\u2010bet+), Th17 (IL\u201017A+), Treg (Foxp3+) and CTL (CD8+) cells frequency in portal\/periportal and intralobular areas and relate them to liver damage. CHB and CHC cases shared a portal\/periportal CD4+ lymphocyte predominance and a lobular CD8+ lymphocyte majority. However, CHC exhibited a concomitant lobular T\u2010bet+ cell dominance while in CHB FoxP3+ cells prevail. CHC disclosed higher frequencies of P\/P FoxP3+, IL\u201017A+ and T\u2010bet+ cells and intralobular CD4+, IL\u201017A+ and T\u2010bet+ lymphocytes. HBeAg+ chronic hepatitis and CHC cell frequencies were similar except for lobular T\u2010bet+ that remained higher among CHC cases. Comparison among cases with less severe liver disease revealed lower lymphocyte frequencies in CHB samples, while no differences were observed between patients with more severe stages. Interestingly, in CHB portal\/periportal CD4+ and lobular CD4+, CD8+ and IL\u201017A+ cells were associated with severe hepatitis. Even when all studied populations were identified in both infections preferential lymphocyte frequencies and prevalence at different areas along with their association with liver damage highlighted that CHB and CHC immune responses are not the same.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T15:32:50Z","timestamp":1637854370000},"page":"124-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intrahepatic immune infiltrate in chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C: Similar but not the same"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3756-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia Graciela","family":"Giadans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division Laboratory of Molecular Biology Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP) CONICET\u2010GCBA Ricardo Guti\u00e9rrez Children\u2019s Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela Alejandra","family":"R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division Laboratory of Molecular Biology Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP) CONICET\u2010GCBA Ricardo Guti\u00e9rrez Children\u2019s Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Ameigeiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit Italian\u2019s Hospital of Buenos Aires CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit Ramos Mej\u00eda Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena Noem\u00ed","family":"De Matteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division Laboratory of Molecular Biology Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP) CONICET\u2010GCBA Ricardo Guti\u00e9rrez Children\u2019s Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Valva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division Laboratory of Molecular Biology Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP) CONICET\u2010GCBA Ricardo Guti\u00e9rrez Children\u2019s Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Victoria","family":"Preciado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division Laboratory of Molecular Biology Multidisciplinary Institute for Investigation in Pediatric Pathologies (IMIPP) CONICET\u2010GCBA Ricardo Guti\u00e9rrez Children\u2019s Hospital CABA Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"(WHO) WHO.Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016\u20102021. 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