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We examined rates of HCV among MSM and transgender women at high\u2010risk of HIV on PrEP in Southern California using data from two trials (NCT01761643 and NCT01781806). Five of 599 participants (0.84%, 95% CI, 0.27\u20131.93) had HCV antibodies detected at entry. Factors associated with HCV seropositivity included being older (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002) and lower education level (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). HCV\u2010positive participants had no reported cases of sexually transmitted infection (rectal, urethral or pharyngeal gonorrhoea and\/or chlamydia) at entry while HCV\u2010negative participants had a prevalence of 18% (95% CI, 15%\u201321%). There were no significant differences in substance use and sexual risk behaviour between HCV\u2010positive and HCV\u2010negative participants 1\u20133\u00a0months prior to entry. Among early PrEP adopters, incident HCV did not occur despite ongoing condomless intercourse. Screening intervals for HCV in MSM on PrEP should be led by a risk behaviour assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T15:55:16Z","timestamp":1648742116000},"page":"529-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Low incidence and prevalence of hepatitis C in two cohorts of HIV pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis adherence interventions in men who have sex with men in Southern California"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Adiba","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harold Glenn 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