{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:32Z","timestamp":1787015732502,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004856","name":"New York State Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Persons who inject drugs (PWID) have been experiencing a higher burden of new hepatitis C (HCV) due to the opioid epidemic. The greatest increases in injection have been in rural communities. However, less is known about the prevalence of HCV or its risk factors in rural compared to non\u2010rural communities. This study compared HCV infection history, current infection, and associated behavioural and sociodemographic correlates among PWID recruited from rural and non\u2010rural communities from Upstate New York (NY). This cross\u2010sectional study recruited 309 PWID, using respondent\u2010driven sampling. Blood samples were collected through finger stick for HCV antibody and RNA tests. A survey was also self\u2010administered for HCV infection history, sociodemographics and behavioural correlates to compare by setting rurality. HCV seropositivity was significantly higher among PWID from rural than non\u2010rural communities (71.0% vs. 46.8%), as was current infection (41.4% vs. 25.9%). High levels of past year syringe (44.4%) and equipment (62.2%) sharing were reported. Factors associated with infection history include syringe service program utilization, non\u2010Hispanic white race, sharing needles and methamphetamine injection, which was higher in rural vs. non\u2010rural communities (38.5% vs. 15.5%). HCV burden among PWID appears higher in rural than non\u2010rural communities and may be increasing possibly due to greater levels of methamphetamine injection. On\u2010going systematic surveillance of HCV prevalence and correlates is crucial to respond to the changing opioid epidemic landscape. Additionally, improving access to harm reduction services, especially with special focus on stimulants, may be important to reduce HCV prevalence among PWID in rural settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T13:38:30Z","timestamp":1659620310000},"page":"994-1003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A cross\u2010sectional study of hepatitis C prevalence and correlates among persons who inject drugs in rural and non\u2010rural communities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1659-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meredith A.","family":"Barranco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli S.","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"},{"name":"Center for Collaborative HIV Research in Practice and Policy University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"},{"name":"Office of Public Health New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Flanigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Institute, New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Shufelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Collaborative HIV Research in Practice and Policy University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily M.","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"},{"name":"AIDS Institute, New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa A.","family":"Wilberschied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Institute, New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica M.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Udo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Collaborative HIV Research in Practice and Policy University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, School of Public Health University at Albany  Rensselaer New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301812"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000192066.86410.8c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2011.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03635.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1901276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu643"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"MaxtedA.Hepatitis C Epidemiology in New York State 2017. 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