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We aim to evaluate LTBI testing patterns and LTBI prevalence among two large U.S. cohorts of adults with chronic HBV (CHB). Adults with CHB in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS) and Veterans Affairs national cohort were included in the analyses. Prevalence of HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection was defined as the number of HBV patients with LTBI divided by the number of HBV patients in a cohort. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated odds of HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection among CHB patients who underwent TB testing. Among 6019 CHB patients in the CHeCS cohort (44% female, 47% Asian), 9.1% were tested for TB, among whom 7.7% had HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection. Among HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infected patient, only 16.7% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07) received LTBI treatment, among whom 28.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02) developed DILI. Among 12,928 CHB patients in the VA cohort (94% male, 42% African American, 39% non\u2010Hispanic white), 14.7% were tested for TB, among whom 14.5% had HBV\u2010LTBI. Among HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infected patient, 18.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a051) received LTBI treatment, among whom 3.9% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03) developed DILI. Presence of cirrhosis, race\/ethnicity, and country of birth were observed to be associated with odds of HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection among CHB patients who received TB testing. In summary, among two large distinct U.S. cohorts of adults with CHB, testing for LTBI was infrequent despite relatively high prevalence of HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection. Moreover, low rates of LTBI treatment were observed among those with HBV\u2010LTBI co\u2010infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T07:54:21Z","timestamp":1677484461000},"page":"512-519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of hepatitis B virus (<scp>HBV<\/scp>) and latent tuberculosis <scp>co\u2010infection<\/scp> and risk of <scp>drug\u2010induced<\/scp> liver injury across two large <scp>HBV<\/scp> cohorts in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8923-2806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of\u00a0Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Gastroenterology Section Veterans Affairs Palo 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