{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:37:22Z","timestamp":1791488242218,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is a primary cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although antiviral treatment reduces risk of HCC, few studies quantify the impact of treatment on long\u2010term risk in the era of direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAA). Using data from the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study, we evaluated the impact of treatment type (DAA, interferon\u2010based [IFN], or none) and outcome (sustained virological response [SVR] or treatment failure [TF]) on risk of HCC. We then developed and validated a predictive risk model. 17186 HCV patients were followed until HCC, death or last follow\u2010up. We used extended landmark modelling, with time\u2010varying covariates and propensity score justification and generalized estimating equations with a link function for discrete time\u2010to\u2010event data. Death was considered a competing risk. We observed 586 HCC cases across 104,000 interval\u2010years of follow\u2010up. SVR from DAA or IFN\u2010based treatment reduced risk of HCC (aHR 0.13, 95% CI 0.08\u20130.20; and aHR 0.45, 95% CI 0.31\u20130.65); DAA SVR reduced risk more than IFN SVR (aHR 0.29, 95% CI 0.17\u20130.48). Independent of treatment, cirrhosis was the strongest risk factor for HCC (aHR 3.94, 95% CI 3.17\u20134.89 vs. no cirrhosis). Other risk factors included male sex, White race and genotype 3. Our six\u2010variable predictive model had \u2018excellent\u2019 accuracy (AUROC 0.94) in independent validation. Our novel landmark interval\u2010based model identified HCC risk factors across antiviral treatment status and interactions with cirrhosis. This model demonstrated excellent predictive accuracy in a large, racially diverse cohort of patients and could be adapted for \u2018real world\u2019 HCC monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T06:58:32Z","timestamp":1688713112000},"page":"746-755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dynamic risk assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3313-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Salgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1280-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheri","family":"Trudeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loralee B.","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trueman","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihe G.","family":"Daida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Health Care Research Kaiser Permanente Hawaii  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Research Kaiser Permanente Northwest  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart C.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford Health  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2021.1921737"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14666"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14030828"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001968"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14995"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Survival Analysis Using SAS: A Practical Guide","author":"Allison PD","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28158-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0332-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2016-000107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"American Association for the Study of Liver Disease Infectious Disease Society of America.HCV Guidance: Recommendations for Testing Managing and Treating Hepatitis C.2023. Accessed March 16 2023.www.hcvguidelines.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09588-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.36370"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13717"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.13859","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T21:03:08Z","timestamp":1692565388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.13859"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.13859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.13859","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}