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However, the mechanism of the Th17 cell increase is unknown. Hence, the mechanism of Th17 cell enhancement is important to provide a theoretical foundation for chronic hepatitis B immunotherapy. This study included 15 instances in the healthy control (HC) and 15 cohorts in the chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Their CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells were isolated from their peripheral blood and then subjected to RNA transcriptome sequencing. Then, to identify target genes linked to Th17\u2010cell differentiation, DEGs associated with CHB were convergent with the Th17\u2010cell\u2010associated genes from the KEGG database. Hub genes of DEG and target genes linked to Th17 cells were analysed for correlation. The AhR\u2010related genes were located using the GeneMANIA database. To analyse the function of the genes, GO and KEGG pathways were employed. Protein\u2013protein interaction network analysis employed the Metascape, STRING and Cytoscape databases. Finally, Western blotting and RT\u2010qPCR were used to validate <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic>. A total of 348 differential genes were identified in CHB patients. CytoHubba was used for screening five hub genes associated with CHB: <jats:italic>CXCL10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RACGAP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TPX2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FN1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GZMA<\/jats:italic>. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of elevated Th17 cells in CHB. As a result, further investigation using the convergence of DGEs and Th17 cell\u2010related genes identified three target genes: <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQA1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQB1<\/jats:italic>, all of which were elevated in CHB. The three genes were primarily involved in immune response\u2010related processes, according to the GO enrichment analysis. Correlation analysis of <jats:italic>CXCL10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RACGAP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TPX2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FN1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GZMA<\/jats:italic> genes with <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQA1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQB1<\/jats:italic> revealed that <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic> was positively associated with <jats:italic>CXCL10<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GZMA<\/jats:italic> genes, which best respond to the severity of CHB disease. Combined with the role of <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic> in Th17 cell differentiation, the genes <jats:italic>AhR<\/jats:italic> was chosen for confirmation by RT\u2010qPCR and WB in this study. The results showed that the CHB group had higher expression levels of AhR at both RT\u2010qPCR and WB levels. Furthermore, this study's findings revealed that AhR may contribute to the development of CHB by affecting the differentiation of Th17 cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T07:25:55Z","timestamp":1692775555000},"page":"939-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AhR may be involved in Th17 cell differentiation in chronic hepatitis B"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ruyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology  Kunming 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