{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:17:23Z","timestamp":1793333843671,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>New case\u2010finding opportunities are needed to achieve hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in England by the year 2030. HCV antenatal testing is not offered universally in England but is recommended for women with risk factors for HCV (e.g. injecting drug use, being born in a high\u2010prevalence country). The aim of this analysis was to investigate the missed opportunities for HCV antenatal testing among women who had given birth and were subsequently diagnosed with HCV at some time after childbirth. By linking data on live births (2010\u20132020) to laboratory reports of HCV diagnoses (1995\u20132021), we identified all women who were diagnosed with HCV after the date of their first childbirth. This group was considered to potentially have experienced a missed opportunity for HCV antenatal testing; HCV\u2010RNA testing and treatment outcomes were also obtained for these women. Of the 32,295 women who gave birth between 2010 and 2020 with a linked diagnosis of HCV (median age: 34\u2009years, 72.1% UK\u2010born), over half (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917,123) were diagnosed after childbirth. In multivariable analyses, the odds of being diagnosed with HCV after childbirth were higher in those of Asian Bangladeshi, Black African or Chinese ethnicity and among those born in Africa. Over four\u2010fifths (3510\/4260) of those eligible for treatment were linked to treatment, 30.7% (747\/2435) of whom had a liver scarring level of at least moderate and 9.4% (228\/2435) had cirrhosis. Given the potential opportunity to identify cases of HCV with targeted case\u2010finding through antenatal services, universal opt\u2010out testing should be considered in these settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T07:09:05Z","timestamp":1704438545000},"page":"131-136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identifying missed opportunities for hepatitis C virus antenatal testing and diagnosis in England"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1759-455X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Hibbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)  London England"},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UKHSA  London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)  London England"},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UKHSA  London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Sabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UKHSA  London England"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sema","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)  London England"},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UKHSA  London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)  London England"},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in partnership with UKHSA  London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016\u20132021. Towards Ending Viral hepatitis.2016. Accessed June 08 2023.http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/246177\/1\/WHO\u2010HIV\u20102016.06\u2010eng.pdf?ua=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"The UK Health Security Agency.Hepatitis C in England 2022.2022. Accessed June 08 2023.https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/1057271\/HCV\u2010in\u2010England\u20102022\u2010full\u2010report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"Public Health England.Annual report from the sentinel surveillance of blood borne virus testing in England 2019.2020. Accessed June 08 2023.https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/954334\/hpr0221_sentBBV_main\u2010report_v2.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Public Health England.Antenatal screening standards: data report 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020.2021. Accessed June 08 2023.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/antenatal\u2010screening\u2010standards\u2010data\u2010report\u20102019\u2010to\u20102020\/antenatal\u2010screening\u2010standards\u2010data\u2010report\u20101\u2010april\u20102019\u2010to\u201031\u2010march\u20102020#idps\u2010screen\u2010positive\u2010rates"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"Solutions for Public Health.Antenatal screening for hepatitis C virus: External review against programme appraisal criteria for the UK National Screening Committee.2018. Accessed June 08 2023.https:\/\/view\u2010health\u2010screening\u2010recommendations.service.gov.uk\/hepatitis\u2010c\u2010pregnancy\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.Public Health Guideline 43. Hepatitis B and C testing: people at risk of infection.2012. Accessed June 08 2023.https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ph43"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"VusirikalaA ThreadgoldG RocheR et\u00a0al.Antenatal hepatitis C testing and care in maternity services in England a national survey. European Association for the Study of the Liver\u2014viral hepatitis elimination.2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.2.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006832"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000275"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26639"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"EsanOB AdjeiKN SaberianS et\u00a0al.Mapping existing policy interventions to tackle ethnic health inequalities in maternal and neonatal health in England: A systematic scoping review with stakeholder engagement. 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