{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:41:03Z","timestamp":1747186863876,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis D virus (HDV), which occurs as a co\u2010infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a significant public health burden. Currently, there is a scarcity of data regarding this co\u2010infection in the developing countries. This study aims to address the clinical prevalence of HDV among HBV\u2010infected patients in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq. This prospective cross\u2010sectional study, conducted from May to November 2022, screened HBV DNA\u2010positive patients visiting Sulaimani Teaching Hospital in Sulaymaniyah governorate, Iraq, for anti\u2010HDV antibodies and HDV RNA. The study included 150 confirmed HBV DNA\u2010positive patients. Of these, 54.7% were male. The mean age of the patients was 49.1\u2009\u00b1\u200910.1 (18\u201368). Serological assessment found that 23 (15.3%) of the patients had anti\u2010HDV IgG antibodies, suggesting past or chronic HDV infection, while 16 (10.7%) tested positive for anti\u2010HDV IgM, indicating recent\/acute infection. Further molecular analysis confirmed HDV RNA in 15 (10%) of HBV patients, indicating real HDV prevalence. The prevalence of anti\u2010HDV and HDV RNA did not significantly differ by age, gender, marital status, residency, medical, family or medical history (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated a relatively high HDV prevalence among HBV patients in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq, at 10%, which stresses the need for better screening, health strategies and focused research to combat its impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:44:08Z","timestamp":1723031048000},"page":"670-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Among Hepatitis B Patients in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Northern Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4821-8709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salih\u00a0A.","family":"Hama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Health Sciences University of Human Development  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"},{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science University of Sulaimani  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raz","family":"Sirwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science University of Sulaimani  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhsin","family":"Abubakr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Directorate of Health in Sulaymaniyah Ministry of Health  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2841-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gasha\u00a0S.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Health Sciences University of Human Development  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0686-3793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hawbash\u00a0M.","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Health Sciences University of Human Development  Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq"},{"name":"Kscien Organization  Sulaimani Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13891"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sero\u2010Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive Patients in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran","volume":"16","author":"Ghezeldasht S. 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