{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T19:13:40Z","timestamp":1773515620400,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005062","name":"Fujirebio Europe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>International guidelines suggest cessation of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) independent of HBsAg loss in HBeAg\u2010negative patients after 2\u20133\u2009years of viral suppression. Detectable HBV\u2010RNA levels at the time of NA cessation were linked to a better prediction of relapse after NA withdrawal in small cohorts of HBeAg\u2010negative patients. This study proves the impact of HBV\u2010RNA levels in the prediction of relapse in a large cohort of HBeAg\u2010negative patients, mainly infected with genotype B or C. Serum levels of HBV\u2010RNA, HBsAg, anti\u2010HBc and HBcrAg were determined before NA withdrawal in 154 HBeAg\u2010negative patients, participating either in a therapeutic vaccination trial (NCT02249988) or in an observational register trial (NCT03643172). Importantly, vaccination showed no impact on relapse. Endpoints of the study were virological relapse (HBV\u2010DNA &gt;\u20092000\u2009IU\/mL) or biochemical relapse (attendant ALT levels \u2265\u20092\u2009\u00d7\u2009ULN) 24\u2009weeks after NA cessation. Virological relapse occurred in 54.5% of patients (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200984\/154), including eight patients (10%) developing an ALT flare. Baseline HBV\u2010RNA level did not differ significantly between relapsers and off\u2010treatment responders (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.92). No significant difference occurred in proportions of detectable HBV\u2010RNA levels between off\u2010treatment responders (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927\/70; 38.6%) and relapsers (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200931\/84; 36.9%) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.99). Combining predefined HBsAg cut\u2010offs (100\u2009IU\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0013), anti\u2010HBc cut\u2010offs (325\u2009IU\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0117) or HBcrAg cut\u2010offs (2 log U\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.66) with undetectable HBV\u2010RNA (HBsAg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0057; anti\u2010HBc, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.085; HBcrAg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.60) did not improve relapse prediction. The value of HBV\u2010RNA levels at timepoint of NA cessation for the prediction of relapse is limited in HBeAg\u2010negative patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> ABX 203\u2010002: NCT02249988; Terminator 2: NCT03643172<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.14026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T08:06:07Z","timestamp":1729325167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Limited Value of <scp>HBV<\/scp>\u2010<scp>RNA<\/scp> for Relapse Prediction After Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Withdrawal in <scp>HBeAg<\/scp>\u2010negative\u00a0Hepatitis B Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2358-0100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Ohlendorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"W\u00fcbbolding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) A Joint Venture of Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner\u2010Site Hannover\u2010Braunschweig  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"H\u00f6ner zu Siederdissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology Hannover Medical School  Hannover 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