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The present study aims to assess changes in the pattern and extent of neuropsychological symptoms after successful treatment with interferon (IFN)\u2010based and IFN\u2010free therapy. HCV\u2010infected patients who underwent neuropsychological assessment in previous studies were invited to a follow\u2010up examination. Patients were grouped according to the treatment status: Sustained virological response (SVR) after IFN treatment (IFN SVR, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914) or after therapy with direct acting antivirals (DAA SVR, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928) or ongoing HCV infection (HCV RNA+, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911). A group of 33 healthy controls served as reference. Patients completed self\u2010report questionnaires addressing health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL), mood and sleep quality and a neuropsychological test battery including tests of memory and attention (Luria's list of words, PSE test, cancelling \u201cd\u201d test, Word\u2013Figure\u2013Memory Test and computer\u2010based test battery for the assessment of attention [TAP]). At baseline, all three patient groups had worse fatigue, depression, anxiety and HRQoL scores compared to healthy controls. Longitudinal analysis revealed that fatigue and mood slightly improved in all patient groups over time, while HRQoL improved in SVR patients but not in HCV RNA+ patients. Memory test results improved significantly in all patient groups, irrespective of their virological status. In contrast, the attention test results showed no clear change from baseline to follow\u2010up. Our data can be considered as a hint that HCV eradication\u2014independent of therapy regimen\u2014does not substantially ameliorate neuropsychiatric symptoms in HCV\u2010afflicted patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.14033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T10:22:37Z","timestamp":1730888557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms After Sustained Virological Response to Interferon\u2010Free and Interferon\u2010Based Hepatitis C Virus Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9661-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meike","family":"Dirks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hannover Medical School  Hannover 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