{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:39:29Z","timestamp":1753879169095,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010TW\u2010988\u20105614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010TW\u2010988\u20105614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a myriad of extrahepatic manifestations (EHM), as well as the production of autoantibodies, including rheumatoid factor (RF). This study aims to elucidate whether serum levels of RF change before and after HCV eradication, and whether these changes differ according to the type of therapy used. This is a retrospective cohort study of adults with chronic HCV infection treated with interferon\u2010free or interferon\u2010based regimens. All patients had HCV viremia at baseline and documented sustained virological response (SVR) 12 or 24\u2009weeks after completing treatment. We measured the serum levels of RF at baseline and at SVR\u201012 or \u221224 to analyse the changes after eradication. This study enrolled 297 patients (median age, 59\u2009years; female, 48.5%; cirrhosis, 16.8%). Among them, 78 (26.3%) were RF\u2010positive by qualitative serology at baseline. This number decreased to 49 (16.5%) at SVR\u201012 or \u221224 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Quantitatively, the median RF also decreased from 1.6\u2009IU\/mL (interquartile range [IQR], undetectable\u201415.8) to undetectable (IQR, undetectable\u20146.6\u2009IU\/mL) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Significant reductions were observed in both groups. The proportion with RF seropositivity decreased from 24.3% to 15.4% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) in patients treated with interferon\u2010free agents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009214) and from 31.3% to 19.3% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006) in patients treated with interferon\u2010based regimens (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200983), without significant difference between two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.40). Serum RF decreased after HCV eradication, regardless of treatment regimen. Our findings suggest that HCV eradication may attenuate HCV\u2010related autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.14047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T18:46:19Z","timestamp":1733942779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in Serum Rheumatoid Factor Following Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus Infection With Interferon or Direct Antiviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ying\u2010Nan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology E\u2010Da Cancer Hospital, I\u2010Shou University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine I\u2010Shou University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4089-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie 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