{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:40:19Z","timestamp":1753879219800,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), older age and co\u2010morbidities are associated with mortality. Among liver disease aetiologies alcoholic liver disease was associated with mortality. Chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) had not been studied. The current study explores course of COVID\u201019 disease in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and CHD. This retrospective study included CHB and CHD patients from the gastroenterology departments of Hacettepe and Ko\u00e7 University Hospitals. COVID\u201019 was confirmed via PCR testing for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA. Data on liver disease severity, including MELD\u2010Na and Child\u2010Pugh scores, as well as vaccination status, were collected. A total of 618 patients (343 M\/275 F) were evaluated, comprising 540 CHB patients (27 [5%] cirrhotic) and 78 CHD patients (43 [55%] cirrhotic). COVID\u201019 was diagnosed in 47 CHB patients (8.7%) and 12 CHD patients (15.4%), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009NS. Hepatic reactivation occurred in 3 CHB patients (6.3%) and 4 CHD patients (33%), (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018). Reactivation was more frequent in cirrhotic patients than non\u2010cirrhotic patients (50% vs. 4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0009). One cirrhotic CHB patient decompensated, while one cirrhotic CHD patient died and another developed hepatic decompensation. The majority of cirrhotic CHB patients (96.3%) were receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), whereas only one cirrhotic CHD patient was on treatment for Hepatitis D virus (HDV). Although the small number of CHD patients and COVID\u201019\u2010positive cases limits definitive conclusions, CHD patients may experience a more severe course of COVID\u201019 compared to CHB patients. This may be due to the higher proportion of cirrhotics among CHD patients and the lack of effective antiviral treatment for HDV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.14054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T06:54:37Z","timestamp":1735023277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Course of COVID\u201019 Infection in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis Delta"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yavuz Emre","family":"Parlar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hacettepe University Medical School  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00fcge \u00d6zar\u0131","family":"G\u00fclnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ko\u00e7 University Medical School  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beril","family":"K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131g\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hacettepe University Medical School  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genco","family":"Gen\u00e7dal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ko\u00e7 University Medical School  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00fcjdat","family":"Zeybel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ko\u00e7 University Medical School  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hacettepe University Medical School  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cihan","family":"Yurdayd\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ko\u00e7 University Medical School  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.3596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.0c00392"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2068883"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.14054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T07:35:28Z","timestamp":1741764928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.14054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.14054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.14054","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1352-0504"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2893"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14054"}}