{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:29:12Z","timestamp":1777904952354,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR 133208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR 133208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is critical for targeting screening and prevention. We systematically reviewed risk factors associated with HCV seroprevalence among the general population in sub\u2010Saharan Africa (SSA). Comprehensive systematic review of HCV seroprevalence of community\u2010based observational studies reporting HCV risk factors in SSA. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Random effect meta\u2010analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We identified 92 studies. Higher odds of HCV seroprevalence were observed among age 21\u201364 (OR\u2009=\u20091.77, 95% CI 1.17\u20132.68) and 65+ groups (OR\u2009=\u200911.75, 95% CI 5.51\u201325.05) compared to those aged \u2264\u200920\u2009years; not being formally educated (OR\u2009=\u20091.78, 95% CI 1.35\u20132.35) compared to secondary\/above and being married (OR\u2009=\u20091.91, 95% CI 1.45\u20132.51) or divorced (OR\u2009=\u20093.20, 95% CI 1.91\u20135.36) compared to never married. Family history of HCV (OR\u2009=\u20091.52, 95% CI 1.17\u20131.96), being a person living with HIV (OR\u2009=\u20092.64, 95% CI 1.61\u20134.33) or being HBsAg positive (OR\u2009=\u20091.66, 95% CI 1.10\u20132.50) were all positively associated with increased HCV seroprevalence, as was having a history of blood transfusion (OR\u2009=\u20091.81, 95% CI 1.33\u20132.45), hospitalisation (OR\u2009=\u20091.55, 95% CI 1.22\u20131.96), medical operation (OR\u2009=\u20091.28, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.62), scarification (OR\u2009=\u20091.29, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.64) and injection drug use (OR\u2009=\u20097.04, 95% CI 1.16\u201342.68). Pilot HCV screening programmes targeting older adults and people exposed to healthcare\u2010associated factors could potentially lead to the efficient detection of HCV cases and reduce future HCV exposures among the general population in SSA countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T11:56:32Z","timestamp":1756727792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Among the General Population in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa\u2014An Analysis of Systematic Review Data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9926-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Getahun Molla","family":"Kassa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron G.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melaku Tileku","family":"Tamiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine University of Dundee  Dundee UK"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-931X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tesfa Sewunet","family":"Alamneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8291-5890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Vickerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emebet","family":"Dagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Jimma University  Jimma Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andargachew","family":"Mulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obsie","family":"Baissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Braun School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Hadassah\u2010Hebrew University  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ora","family":"Paltiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Braun School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Hadassah\u2010Hebrew University  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine University of Dundee  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias Ali","family":"Yesuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Health Jimma University  Jimma Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Hickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine G.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare E.","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation University of Bristol  Bristol 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