{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:02:02Z","timestamp":1787162522857,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001787","name":"University of South Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1196900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1196900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in Australia since their inclusion on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) in 2016. Treatment has shifted from genotype\u2010specific to pan\u2010genotypic regimens, with glecaprevir\/pibrentasvir and sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir now recommended in clinical guidelines. This study examined trends in DAA dispensing in light of evolving treatment regimens. A retrospective analysis of publicly available PBS data was conducted, assessing monthly DAA dispensings from March 2016 to December 2024. Dispensings were summarised by count and proportion, PBS item code, schedule (general, private, or public hospital) and number of repeats as a proxy for treatment duration. Dispensing volumes of DAAs increased following PBS\u2010listing in March 2016, with the highest number of dispensings observed between 2016 and 2017 (average of 11,378 prescriptions dispensed per month). Dispensing rates subsequently declined, with an average of 1583 prescriptions dispensed per month from 2020 to 2024. Since introduction to market in August 2017, sofosbuvir with velpatasvir (pan\u2010genotypic regimen) has maintained an average market share of 55%. Glecaprevir\/pibrentasvir (pan\u2010genotypic regimen) has maintained an average market share of 34% since its introduction in August 2018. Sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir\/voxilaprevir, listed on the PBS in April 2019, and used for salvage therapy, has had a smaller average market share of 4% since listing. Pan\u2010genotypic regimens now account for nearly all DAA use in Australia. Declining dispensing rates may reflect reduced new infections and treatment fatigue. Increasing retreatment rates underscore the need for ongoing monitoring and real\u2010world evaluations. Future head\u2010to\u2010head comparisons may support optimal regimen selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T08:10:36Z","timestamp":1757146236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Trends in Use of Direct\u2010Acting Antivirals for Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Australia 2016\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5169-5610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chieu\u2010Hoang Ly","family":"Luong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5063-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa Kalisch","family":"Ellett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8730-8910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2532-5883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Staff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4171-3504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack","family":"Janetzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.5.1361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"University of New South Wales Kirby Institute \u201cHepatitis C in Australia More Than Halved in Less Than a Decade \u201daccessed March 17 2025 https:\/\/www.kirby.unsw.edu.au\/news\/hepatitis\u2010c\u2010australia\u2010more\u2010halved\u2010less\u2010decade."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121\u2010024\u201000926\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"University of New South Wales Kirby Institute \u201cHepatitis B and C in Australia Annual Surveillance Report Supplement 2016 \u201d2016 https:\/\/www.kirby.unsw.edu.au\/research\/reports\/hepatitis\u2010b\u2010and\u2010c\u2010australia\u2010annual\u2010surveillance\u2010report\u2010supplement\u20102016."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2055\u20106640(20)30254\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Australasian Society for HIV VHaSHMA \u201cAustralian Recommendations for the Management of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Consensus Statement \u201d2022 https:\/\/hepcguidelines.org.au\/the\u2010epidemiology\u2010of\u2010hcv\u2010in\u2010australia\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Therapeutic Guidelines \u201cHepatitis C \u201d2022 https:\/\/tgldcdp.tg.org.au\/viewTopic?etgAccess=true&guidelinePage=Liver%20Disorders&topicfile=hepatitis\u2010c&guidelinename=Liver%20Disorders&sectionId=toc_d1e724#toc_d1e724."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"University of New South Wales Kirby Institute \u201cReal World Efficacy of Antiviral Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C (REACH\u2010C) in Australia Issue 1 July 2017 \u201d2017 https:\/\/www.kirby.unsw.edu.au\/research\/reports\/real\u2010world\u2010efficacy\u2010antiviral\u2010therapy\u2010chronic\u2010hepatitis\u2010c\u2010reach\u2010c\u2010australia\u2010issue\u20101\u2010july\u20102017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation \u201cProgress Report on Access to Hepatitis C Treatment \u201d2018 https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/progress\u2010report\u2010on\u2010access\u2010to\u2010hepatitis\u2010c\u2010treatment."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph\u20102024\u2010001340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"Australian Government Services Australia \u201cPharmaceutical Benefits Schedule Item Reports \u201daccessed March 18 2025 http:\/\/medicarestatistics.humanservices.gov.au\/statistics\/pbs_item.jsp."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health \u201cATC\/DDD Index \u201d2024 https:\/\/atcddd.fhi.no\/atc_ddd_index\/?code=J05AP&showdescription=no."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care \u201cThe Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme PBS and RPBS Section\u00a085 Date of Supply Data \u201d2025 https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.au\/info\/statistics\/dos\u2010and\u2010dop\/dos\u2010and\u2010dop."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Drug Utilisation 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