{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T15:08:38Z","timestamp":1770563318679,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000765","name":"University College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Nucleos\/tide analogue (NA) drugs are used for long\u2010term treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with treatment eligibility criteria changing rapidly amidst globally evolving clinical guidelines. We aimed to quantify the prescription of NA drugs to date, and to undertake a preliminary assessment of the impact of relaxing treatment eligibility thresholds, leveraging a unique large real\u2010world secondary care dataset. We assimilated longitudinal clinical data, collected between February 1997 and April 2023 from adults with chronic HBV infection from six centres in England through the UK NIHR Health Informatics Collaborative (HIC) Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease theme. We describe factors currently associated with the receipt of NA treatment and determine the proportion of the population who would become treatment eligible as thresholds change. Across 7558 adults with a mean follow\u2010up of 4.0\u2009years (SD 3.9), NA treatment was prescribed in 2014\/7558 (26.6%), and as expected according to guidelines at the time, was associated with HBV e\u2010antigen (HBeAg) positivity and alanine transferase (ALT) above the upper limit of normal (&gt;\u2009ULN). Treatment was more likely in males, older adults, in Asian and Other ethnicities (compared to White), and less likely in socioeconomically deprived individuals. The proportion of treatment\u2010eligible individuals was 32.3% based on 2 records of ALT &gt;\u2009ULN over 6\u201312\u2009months, 41.7% based on ALT &gt;\u2009ULN\n                    <jats:italic>and<\/jats:italic>\n                    viral load (VL) &gt;\u20092000\u2009IU\/mL, and 95.1% based on detectable VL\n                    <jats:italic>and<\/jats:italic>\n                    either ALT &gt;\u2009ULN\n                    <jats:italic>or<\/jats:italic>\n                    age &gt;\u200930\u2009years. Evolving clinical guidelines will lead to substantial increases in the proportion of individuals living with HBV who are eligible for treatment, underlining the need for services to adapt rapidly to the changing clinical environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T11:33:18Z","timestamp":1761219198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hepatitis B Virus (\n                    <scp>HBV<\/scp>\n                    ) Treatment Eligibility in the\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    : Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Data to Explore the Impact of Changes in Clinical Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-7105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cori","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8351-9494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5828-3328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Stockdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Tropical Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3215-9625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacy","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0651-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Jaworski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Cambridge 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