{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T12:58:44Z","timestamp":1767013124930,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence is very high in pregnant women in the Dolpa district of Nepal, a region characterised by a remote geographic landscape and low vaccination coverage. Using mathematical modelling, we evaluated the impact of third\u2010trimester tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) prophylaxis on HBV burden and estimated the time required to achieve HBV elimination in Dolpa. We developed a mathematical model to assess the impact of TDF prophylaxis on HBV elimination under four scenarios: baseline 50% vaccination coverage (scenario\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), 50% TDF and baseline vaccination coverage (scenario\n                    <jats:italic>II<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), 90% TDF plus baseline vaccination (scenario\n                    <jats:italic>III<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and 90% TDF and birth\u2010dose plus 95% vaccination coverage (scenario\n                    <jats:italic>IV<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). We estimated the impact TDF prophylaxis has on HBV\u2010related morbidity and mortality and projected the time required for HBV elimination in the district. Our model suggests that HBV elimination is unlikely in Dolpa by 2100 under baseline interventions. The scale\u2010up of TDF coverage to 90% with the baseline vaccination significantly reduces HBV prevalence and HBV\u2010related mortality, making elimination possible in &lt;\u200960\u2009years. Implementing 90% TDF alongside birth\u2010dose vaccination and 95% infant HBV vaccination coverage could accelerate HBV elimination\u2014\u2264\u20090.1% HBV prevalence in children younger than 5\u2009years\u2013achieving it by 2045. In geographically inaccessible settings, a micro\u2010elimination approach using third\u2010trimester TDF is an effective and equitable strategy for HBV control. This approach is likely to substantially reduce HBV burden and HBV\u2010related mortality even before achieving elimination, while also addressing some of the challenges of immunoprophylaxis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T13:17:09Z","timestamp":1764595029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modelling Micro\u2010Elimination: Third\u2010Trimester Tenofovir Prophylaxis for Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis B in the Remote Dolpa District of Nepal"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2659-1059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Belaynew","family":"Taye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, School of Medicine University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Valery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shrestha","family":"Ananta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology Alka Hospital Pvt Ltd  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudhamshu","family":"KC","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology National Academy of Medical Sciences  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3843-670X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivane","family":"Gamkrelidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Disease Analysis Foundation  Lafayette Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4135-1053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devin","family":"Razavi\u2010Shearer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Disease Analysis Foundation  Lafayette Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2658-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Homie","family":"Razavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Disease Analysis Foundation  Lafayette Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Princess Alexandra Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i9.1233"},{"volume-title":"Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination","year":"2021","author":"WHO","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2763-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-019-01152-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-018-9863-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30270-X"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","article-title":"Hepatitis B Immunisation for Newborn Infants of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen\u2010Positive Mothers","volume":"19","author":"Lee C.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890180405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00139-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1269-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793524520500540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30899"},{"volume-title":"National Population and Housing Census 2011. 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