{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T12:05:51Z","timestamp":1779883551439,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    People who have been detained have a higher prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) than the general population, yet testing uptake remains limited. Improving testing uptake in high\u2010risk settings is essential to the World Health Organization 2030 elimination target. This systematic review examines interventions aimed at increasing hepatitis B testing uptake in prison. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched from January 2000 to April 2025. Quantitative interventional studies were included. Quality appraisal was conducted using the JBI critical appraisal tool. A random effects meta\u2010analysis with Freeman\u2013Tukey transformation estimated testing uptake. Subgroup analysis explored heterogeneity by sex, geographical region and the screening approach. Sixteen papers (15 studies) were included. Eleven were post\u2010interventional quasi\u2010experimental studies. Nine were conducted in Europe. The pooled testing uptake was 64% (95% CI 46%\u201380%;\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200998%). Opt\u2010in interventions were associated with a higher testing uptake (77%, 95% CI 59%\u201391%), in comparison to opt\u2010out testing uptake (33%, 95% CI 17%\u201352%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), although opt\u2010in screening had enhanced characteristics such as counselling, peer education and culturally tailored approaches. HBV prevalence amongst institutions ranged between 0% and 11.4%. Only one study reports costs. Opt\u2010in programmes were associated with a higher testing uptake in comparison to opt\u2010out programmes, which may reflect the underlying programme characteristics rather than the screening approach alone. Evidence on cost\u2010effectiveness is limited. Most studies were heterogeneous and conducted in high\u2010income countries. Further robust studies are needed to evaluate enhanced screening approaches to determine the most effective and scalable screening programme.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T07:09:50Z","timestamp":1779347390000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interventions to Increase Hepatitis B Testing Uptake Amongst Detained Populations: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7788-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saumiya M.","family":"Kesavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8596-4073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Jack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Martello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Evidence Based Healthcare University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne R.","family":"Morling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Leonardi\u2010Bee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Centre of Evidence Based Healthcare University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cHepatitis B: World Health Organization \u201d (2024) https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/hepatitis\u2010b."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00197-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15419\/bmrat.v5i4.436"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Control ECfDPa \u201cPrevention and Control of Blood\u2010Borne Viruses in Prison Settings: Selected Findings From ECDC and EMCDDA Scientific Guidance \u201d Stockholm (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"Control ECfDPa \u201cAntenatal Screening for Hepatitis B HIV and Syphilis in the EU\/EEA: Scientific Advice \u201d (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.1655"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","unstructured":"Agency UHS \u201cEmergency Department Blood\u2010Borne Virus Opt\u2010Out Testing: 12\u2010Month Interim Report \u201d (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"Public Health England \u201cBlood\u2010Borne Viruses (BBV) Bulletin: Issue 13 December 2017 \u201d Public Health England (2017) Report No.: 2017667."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","unstructured":"England PH \u201cBlood\u2010Borne Virus Opt\u2010Out Testing in Prisons: Preliminary Evaluation of Pathfinder Programme Phase 1 April to September 2014 \u201d (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2024-001593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1724"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"2024","volume-title":"Systematic Reviews of Effectiveness","author":"Tufanaru C.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6890"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-23-00268"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06405-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20499361211053929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckv183"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15237"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920928491"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-024-00238-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(18)30835-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"HIVAb, HCVAb and HBsAg Seroprevalence Among Inmates of the Prison of Bologna and the Effect of Counselling on the Compliance of Proposed Tests","volume":"28","author":"Sabbatani S.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epidemiologia e Prevenzione"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"2142","article-title":"Blood Born Viral Infections, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Latent Tuberculosis in Italian Prisons: A Preliminary Report of a Large Multicenter Study","volume":"16","author":"Sagnelli E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2025.104710"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2022.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH09035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12578"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022777"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-3970-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad212"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cConsolidated Guidelines on HIV Viral Hepatitis and STI Prevention Diagnosis Treatment and Care for Key Populations \u201d (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8030139"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301973"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CLD.0000000000000229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08433-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.70189","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jvh.70189","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvh.70189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T11:16:38Z","timestamp":1779880598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvh.70189"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvh.70189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.70189","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70189"}}