{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:26:31Z","timestamp":1786112791674,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Individuals experiencing stigma related to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection often experience negative self\u2010beliefs, isolation, discrimination, and reduced willingness to engage with healthcare professionals. We aimed to understand the patient perspective of HBV\u2010related stigma and to summarize the patient experience of stigma in a patient\u2010centric conceptual model. Eligible adult participants with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic HBV infection were recruited from the US, China, and Poland. Qualitative, semi\u2010structured, concept elicitation interviews of approximately 60\u2009min were conducted to explore participants' experiences of stigma. Qualitative analysis of interview data was conducted using Thematic Analysis methods with concepts categorized into domains and pre\u2010determined stigma types. A total of 28 participants were recruited from the US (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), China (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), and Poland (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096). Internalized stigma was reported by all participants (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200928; 100%), social stigma was reported by 79% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200922) of participants, and institutional stigma was reported by 57% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200916) of participants. Seven domains across condition\u2010specific and health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL) concepts were identified to create a patient\u2010centric conceptual model of the experience of stigma associated with HBV infection. Each domain was reported by at least half of the participants, with social functioning (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200928; 100%), emotional wellbeing (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200927; 96%), and HBV transmission (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200927; 96%) most frequently reported. Experiences of stigma were highly inter\u2010related. Experiences of HBV\u2010related stigma were highly pervasive, with widespread impact on HRQoL. To address the burden of stigma, reducing internalized stigma would be most impactful as this was the most common and bothersome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T04:51:34Z","timestamp":1784955094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Silent Burden of Hepatitis B\u2010Related Stigma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7148-6425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verity","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Values Ltd., Patient Centered Outcomes  Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menita","family":"Asriah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Values Ltd., Patient Centered Outcomes  Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Fernelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Values Ltd., Patient Centered Outcomes  Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyeta","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSK  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Values Ltd., Patient Centered Outcomes  Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Gielen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSK  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8240-1648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon","family":"Keith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSK  Wilmington Delaware USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation \u201cGlobal Hepatitis Report \u201d(2024) accessed May 20 2025 https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240091672."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3795"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u201cClinical Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis B \u201daccessed July 30 2025 https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis\u2010b\/hcp\/clinical\u2010signs\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12050515"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"World Hepatitis Alliance \u201cThe Impact of Stigma and Discrimination Affecting People With Hepatitis B \u201daccessed May 20 2025 https:\/\/www.worldhepatitisalliance.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/WHA\u2010Report\u20102021\u2010Final.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S226936"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-021-00502-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH16089"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01973533.2012.746147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1271-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-022-01677-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SGA.0000000000000223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1875"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17263-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.13986"}],"container-title":["Journal 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