{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T16:03:29Z","timestamp":1770221009503,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptions of acid-base disturbances in atypical myopathy (AM) are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Describe and compare traditional and quantitative acid-base abnormalities and cardiovascular shock status in horses with AM at admission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>34 horses with AM, 15 healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case-control study. Records were searched for shock variables (packed cell volume [PCV], blood urea nitrogen [BUN], heart and respiratory rate) and acid-base variables (venous blood gas analysis, electrolytes, total protein, lactate) on admission. Base excess (BE) of free water (BEfw), chloride (BEcl), total protein (BEtp), and unidentified anions (BEua), anion gap (AG), measured strong ion difference (SIDm), and concentration of total nonvolatile weak acids ([Atot]) were calculated. Acid-base classifications, using simplified strong ion model and traditional approach, and shock grades were assigned. A 2-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Bonferroni correction compared variables in AM cases versus control horses. Significance was P &amp;lt; .05\/16 for acid-base and P &amp;lt; .05\/5 for shock variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tachycardia, tachypnea, and normal to increased PCV and BUN were common in AM cases. Respiratory, metabolic acid-base alterations, or both were mainly caused by respiratory alkalosis, lactic acidosis, and SIDm alkalosis, alone or in combination. Evaluated variables (except pH, potassium concentration, total protein, and related calculations) were significantly different (P &amp;lt; .001) between AM cases and control horses. The strong ion model provided a more accurate assessment than the traditional approach and identified mixed derangements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acid-base derangements should be evaluated in horses with AM and this preferably with the strong ion model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]],"date-time":"2012-11-29T14:05:30Z","timestamp":1354197930000},"page":"186-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Traditional and Quantitative Assessment of Acid-Base and Shock Variables in Horses with Atypical Myopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"van Galen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"(Unit\u00e9 de recherche en epid\u00e9miologie et analyse de risques appliqu\u00e9es aux sciences v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires - UREAR), FMV University of Liege Department of Epidemiology, ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM University of Liege ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Cerri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM University of Liege ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Unit\u00e9 de recherche en epid\u00e9miologie et analyse de risques appliqu\u00e9es aux sciences v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires - UREAR), FMV University of Liege Department of Epidemiology, ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Saegerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Unit\u00e9 de recherche en epid\u00e9miologie et analyse de risques appliqu\u00e9es aux sciences v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires - UREAR), FMV University of Liege Department of Epidemiology, ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Lefere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM University of Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Roscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM, Justus-Liebig-University , Giessen,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Marr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Equine Hospital , Newmarket,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Amory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM University of Liege ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.M.","family":"Votion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine clinic, Internal Medicine, FVM University of Liege ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020304220748000_jvim12003-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2012.00556.x","article-title":"European outbreaks of atypical myopathy in grazing equids (2006-2009). 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