{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:14:42Z","timestamp":1787984082573,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4051,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transvenous pacemaker implantation in dogs is associated with a relatively high complication rate. At our institution, pacemaker implantation in dogs with high-grade atrioventricular block (HG-AVB) frequently is performed as an after-hours emergency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among dogs with HG-AVB, the rate of major complications is higher when pacemakers are implanted after hours (AH) compared to during business hours (BH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Client-owned dogs with HG-AVB that underwent transvenous pacemaker implantation between January 2002 and December 2012 at the North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective medical record review. Two-year follow-up was required for complications analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Major complications occurred in 14\/79 dogs (18%) and included lead dislodgement, lead or generator infection, lead or generator migration, and pacing failure. Incidence of major complications was significantly higher AH (10\/36, 28%) compared to BH (4\/43, 9%; P\u00a0=\u00a0.041), and all infectious complications occurred AH. Median survival time for all dogs was 27\u00a0months and did not differ between AH and BH groups for either all-cause (P\u00a0=\u00a0.70) or cardiac (P\u00a0=\u00a0.40) mortality. AH dogs were younger than BH dogs (P\u00a0=\u00a0.010), but there were no other clinically relevant differences between BH and AH groups in terms of demographic, clinical, or procedural variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At our institution, AH transvenous pacemaker placement is associated with a higher rate of major complications (especially infections) compared to BH placement. This difference may be because of a variety of human factor differences AH versus BH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,25]],"date-time":"2015-01-25T07:25:58Z","timestamp":1422170758000},"page":"157-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Complication Rates Associated with Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation in Dogs with High-Grade Atrioventricular Block Performed During versus After Normal Business Hours"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"J.L.","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Raleigh, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.C.","family":"DeFrancesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , 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