{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T06:27:27Z","timestamp":1775024847097,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3565,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common congenital heart defects in dogs. Advanced echocardiographic techniques such as speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) have not been extensively used to evaluate cardiac function in affected dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Advanced echocardiographic techniques are more sensitive than standard echocardiographic techniques in analyzing systolic function in dogs with PDA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-four client-owned dogs: 34 dogs with PDA (preoperative evaluation) and 10 healthy sex- and weight-matched controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective study. Dogs were recruited over a 2-year period. Complete echocardiographic evaluation was performed, including conventional (end-diastolic volumes indexed to body surface area in B and M-mode [EDVIB\/M], end-systolic volumes indexed to body surface area in B and M-mode [ESVIB\/M], allometric scaling in diastole and systole [AlloD\/S], pulmonary flow to systemic flow [Qp\/Qs], ejection fraction [EF] and fractional shortening [FS]) and speckle-tracking echocardiography ([STE]: global longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain [S] and strain rate [SR]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs with PDA had significantly different EDVIB\/M, ESVIB\/M, AlloD\/S, Qp\/Qs and all STE-derived parameters (global longitudinal S and SR, global circumferential S and SR, global radial S and SR)compared to healthy dogs. No correlation was found between standard techniques (EDVIB\/M, ESVIB\/M, AlloD\/S, Qp\/Qs) and STE-derived parameters (global longitudinal, circumferential and radial S and SR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conventional parameters routinely used to assess systolic function (EF and FS) were not different between the groups; STE-derived parameters identified subtle changes in cardiac systolic function and contractility between the 2 groups of dogs. Based on these findings, STE may be a more appropriate tool to assess cardiac contractility in dogs with PDA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,14]],"date-time":"2016-05-14T02:58:43Z","timestamp":1463194723000},"page":"706-713","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Function by Conventional and Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Dogs with Patent Ductus Arteriosus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0039-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Spalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Gallarate,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Locatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Gallarate,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.M.","family":"Zanaboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Gallarate,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Brambilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Gallarate,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bussadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Gran Sasso , Milano,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020304520064000_jvim13938-bib-0001","first-page":"647","volume-title":"Kirk's Current Veterinary Therapy 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