{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:10:14Z","timestamp":1789441814089,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3139,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk\u2014LIFE In Vivo Pharmacology Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006442","name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Danish Council of Independent Research | Medical Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Development and progression of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs are difficult to predict. Identification at a young age of dogs at high risk of adverse outcome in the future is desirable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the predictive value of selected clinical and echocardiographic characteristics associated with MMVD obtained at a young age for prediction of long-term cardiac and all-cause mortality in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1125 privately owned CKCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study including CKCS examined at the age of 1\u20133 years. Long-term outcome was assessed by telephone interview with owners. The value of variables for predicting mortality was investigated by Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Presence of moderate to severe mitral regurgitation (MR) (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.03, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.48\u20136.23, P = 0.0025) even intermittent moderate to severe MR (HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.48\u20136.23, P = 0.039) on color flow Doppler echocardiography was significantly associated with increased hazard of cardiac death. An interaction between MR and sex was significant for all-cause mortality (P = 0.035), showing that males with moderate to severe MR had a higher all-cause mortality compared to males with no MR (HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.27\u20134.49, P = 0.0071), whereas no difference was found between female MR groups. The risk of cardiac (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.14\u20131.63, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and all-cause (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02\u20131.24, P = 0.016) mortality increased with increasing left ventricular end-systolic internal dimension normalized for body weight (LVIDSN).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and clinical importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate to severe MR, even if intermittent, and increased LVIDSN in dogs &amp;lt;3 years of age were associated with cardiac death later in life in CKCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,2]],"date-time":"2017-06-02T00:10:45Z","timestamp":1496362245000},"page":"1008-1016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Mitral Regurgitation Severity and Left Ventricular Systolic Dimension Predict Survival in Young Cavalier King Charles Spaniels"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"M.J.","family":"Reimann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, , Frederiksberg,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.E.","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odense University Hospital Department of Cardiology, , Odense,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Martinussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen Department of Public Health, , K\u00f8benhavn K,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.S.C.","family":"Zatrazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, , Frederiksberg,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Svanholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, , Frederiksberg,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.B.M.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, , 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