{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:11:40Z","timestamp":1784740300242,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3016,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"National Sciences Engineering and Research Council (NSERC) Discovery Grant","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BCoV is identified in both healthy and diarrheic calves, complicating its assessment as a primary pathogen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the detection rates of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in feces of healthy and diarrheic calves and to describe the usefulness of a pancoronavirus reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR (PanCoV-RT-PCR) assay to identify BCoV in samples of diarrheic calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred and eighty-six calves &amp;lt;21 days. Calves with liquid or semiliquid feces, temperature &amp;gt;39.5\u00b0C, and inappetence were considered as cases, and those that had pasty or firm feces and normal physical examination were designated as controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective case\u2013control study. A specific BCoV-RT-PCR assay was used to detect BCoV in fecal samples. Association between BCoV and health status was evaluated by exact and random effect logistic regression. Fecal (n = 28) and nasal (n = 8) samples from diarrheic calves were tested for the presence of BCoV by both the PanCoV-RT-PCR and a specific BCoV-RT-PCR assays. A Kappa coefficient test was used to assess the level of agreement of both assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BCoV was detected in 55% (157\/286) of calves; 46% (66\/143), and 64% (91\/143) of healthy and diarrheic calves, respectively. Diarrheic calves had higher odds of BCoV presence than healthy calves (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.26 to 3.83, P = 0.004). A good agreement between PanCoV-RT-PCR and BCoV-RT-PCR to detect BCoV was identified (\u03ba = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.392 to 0.967; P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BCoV was more likely to be detected in diarrheic than healthy calves. The PanCoV-RT-PCR assay can be a useful tool to detect CoV samples from diarrheic calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]],"date-time":"2017-09-15T01:44:56Z","timestamp":1505439896000},"page":"1884-1891","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Detection of Bovine Coronavirus in Healthy and Diarrheic Dairy Calves"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7495-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.E.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph Department of Pathobiology, , Guelph, ON,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.G.","family":"Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph Department of Clinical Studies, , Guelph, 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