{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T21:11:29Z","timestamp":1770153089058,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3016,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Torsemide use for congestive heart failure (CHF) has been reported, but prescription frequency is unknown. Commercially available tablet sizes in North America limit dosing precision, indicating a need to evaluate its strength and stability in suspension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the frequency of torsemide prescriptions and to determine a beyond use date (BUD) of a compounded suspension of torsemide for oral administration stored under 2 temperature conditions for 90 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No animals used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pharmacy records were retrospectively reviewed for torsemide and furosemide prescriptions from 2008 to 2015 at 2 veterinary referral centers. After preliminary strength testing, compounded torsemide suspension (5 mg\/mL) for oral administration was prepared using torsemide tablets suspended in OraPlus:OraSweet 1:1, buffered to a pH of 8.3 and stored at refrigeration (2\u20138\u00b0C) and room temperature (20\u201325\u00b0C) in 2 oz amber plastic bottles. Samples were analyzed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) on days 0, 14, 30, 60, and 90.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prescriptions for torsemide increased from 2008 to 2015. Analysis of the torsemide 5 mg\/mL suspension for oral administration at each time point met United States Pharmacopeia (USP) requirements for torsemide content of 90\u2013110% of label claim. The average strength at 90 days decreased to 92 \u00b1 3% at 2\u20138\u00b0C and 95 \u00b1 2% at 20\u201325\u00b0C. Stability testing did not detect unknown impurities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing torsemide use warrants availability of a validated and stable compounded formulation. Our results support the assignment of a 90-day BUD for torsemide 5 mg\/mL suspension for oral administration compounded in OraPlus:Sweet 1:1 buffered to a pH of 8.3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,15]],"date-time":"2017-09-15T02:32:46Z","timestamp":1505442766000},"page":"1822-1826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term Stability of a Compounded Suspension of Torsemide (5 mg\/mL) for Oral Administration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0972-0365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Adin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University , Raleigh,NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Education & Research Center, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Campbell University , Buies Creek, NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Education & Research Center, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Campbell University , Buies Creek, NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Nguyenba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MedVet Medical and Cancer Center for Pets , Worthington, OH"},{"name":"Veterinary Emergency and Referral Group , Brooklyn, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University , Raleigh,NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05936.x","article-title":"Urinary excretion profile of torasemide and its diuretic action in dogs","volume":"48","author":"Sogame","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.160.24.847","article-title":"Effect of torsemide on serum and urine electrolyte levels in dogs with congestive heart failure","volume":"160","author":"Caro-Vadillo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.10.1058","article-title":"Effects of oral administration of furosemide and torsemide in healthy dogs","volume":"68","author":"Hori","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2011.10.001","article-title":"Use of the loop diuretic torsemide in three dogs with advanced heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Oyama","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2012.01.003","article-title":"Effect of torsemide and furosemide on clinical, laboratory, radiographic and quality of life variables in dogs with heart failure secondary to mitral valve disease","volume":"14","author":"Peddle","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.65.1057","article-title":"The effects of the loop diuretics furosemide and torasemide on diuresis in dogs and cats","volume":"65","author":"Uechi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0007","first-page":"391","article-title":"Compounding errors in 2 dogs receiving anticonvulsants","volume":"53","author":"McConkey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-013-0005-9","article-title":"Potential risks of pharmacy compounding","volume":"13","author":"Gudeman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/94.1.143","article-title":"Reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method development and validation for determination of impurities related to torsemide tablets","volume":"94","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J AOAC Int"},{"key":"2026020303225416900_jvim14819-bib-0010","first-page":"466","article-title":"Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","edition":"5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjvim.14819","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/31\/6\/1822\/66667592\/jvim14819.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/31\/6\/1822\/66667592\/jvim14819.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T08:23:01Z","timestamp":1770106981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article\/31\/6\/1822\/8449209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.14819","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]}}}