{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:10:38Z","timestamp":1776723038597,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2590,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obstructive urolithiasis commonly affects male goats. Perineal urethrostomy (PU) can be a permanent treatment option but is generally considered undesirable because of the risk of stricture of the urethral stoma. Limited information exists regarding long-term outcome and complications in goats undergoing PU for treatment of obstructive urolithiasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine short-term and long-term outcome and complications in goats undergoing PU for treatment of obstructive urolithiasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-five client-owned goats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi-institutional retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 25 goats, 13 (52%) were alive at the time of follow-up. Mean time from surgery to follow-up was 34\u2009months (range, 4-65). Nine goats (36%) died between discharge and follow-up with a mean survival time of 46\u2009days (range, 5-120). Cause of death in 7 of 9 (78%) goats was related to urolithiasis. Goats treated by use of a modified proximal perineal urethrostomy (MPPU) were significantly more likely to survive at least 150\u2009days postoperatively (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). The most common postoperative complications were hemorrhage (10\/25 [40%]) and surgical site infection (3\/25 [12%]). Hemorrhage was significantly associated with MPPU (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). Stricture of the surgical stoma occurred in 7 of 22 (32%) discharged goats. Mean time to stricture was 65\u2009days (range, 10-240).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perineal urethrostomy can provide effective long-term resolution of obstructive urolithiasis in goats. Re-obstruction or stricture seems most likely within the 1st 2 months after surgery. MPPU may provide better long-term results but should be approached cautiously because it can be associated with life-threatening hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T05:50:15Z","timestamp":1543557015000},"page":"292-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Outcome and complications in goats treated by perineal urethrostomy for obstructive urolithiasis: 25 cases (2010-2017)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6451-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Oman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, , Columbia, Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Reppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , Manhattan, Kansas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert N.","family":"Streeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Stillwater, Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2905-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meredyth","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Stillwater, Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020922040460500_jvim15360-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2008.06.003","article-title":"Surgery of obstructive urolithiasis in ruminants","volume":"24","author":"Ewoldt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020922040460500_jvim15360-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1987.9694078","article-title":"Urolithiasis in small ruminants. 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