{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:02:49Z","timestamp":1771570969333,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2426,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tick paralysis has not been reported in horses in North America.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two American Miniature horses were examined for progressive weakness and recumbency. Numerous ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) were found on both horses. Horse 1 was recumbent (grade 5\/5 gait deficit) on presentation, whereas Horse 2 was standing but ataxic (grade 4\/5 gait deficit) and tetraparetic. Both horses had decreased tongue and tail muscle tone, and had normal spinal reflexes. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology was normal. Equine herpesvirus-1 testing was negative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Pertinent Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ticks were removed within 24\u2009hours of presentation. Both horses were treated topically with permethrin. Supportive care included fluid therapy, treatment for corneal ulceration, and frequent repositioning during recumbency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within 48\u2009hours of tick removal, both horses were neurologically normal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ours is the first reported case of presumptive tick paralysis in horses in North America. Although rare, tick paralysis should be considered in horses presented with acute-onset weakness progressing to recumbency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T02:46:41Z","timestamp":1559616401000},"page":"1784-1788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Presumptive tick paralysis in 2 American Miniature horses in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kelsey M.","family":"Trumpp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, , West Lafayette, Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Parsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary 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