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Goldner Pty Ltd (Goldners Horse Transport), Ingleburn, New South Wales, Australia, in kind support"},{"name":"Virbac (Australia), Milperra, NSW","award":["private donation"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["private donation"]}]},{"name":"World Horse Welfare Organisation, Blackpool, United Kingdom","award":["donation"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["donation"]}]},{"name":"J.G. Goldner Pty Ltd (Goldners Horse Transport), Ingleburn, New South Wales, Australia, in kind support"},{"name":"Virbac (Australia), Milperra, NSW","award":["private donation"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["private donation"]}]},{"name":"World Horse Welfare Organisation, Blackpool, United Kingdom","award":["donation"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["donation"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transportation has been suggested as a risk factor for gastric ulceration in horses, but limited evidence supports this assumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-six Standardbred, Thoroughbred, and Warmblood mares from a university teaching herd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve mares were confined for 12\u2009hours, overnight, in reproductive stocks with indwelling nasogastric tubes (NGTs) to assess pH of gastric fluid (GF). Gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after confinement. Subsequently, 26 horses were transported for 12\u2009hours, overnight, in 2 consignments. During transportation, GF was aspirated from indwelling NGT placed in the same 12 mares used in the confinement study, and gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after transportation in all horses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median pH of GF in confined horses was 1.70-2.49 at each sampling point, and there was no apparent effect on gastric squamous ulcer scores. The median pH of GF from the same 12 horses at corresponding sampling times during transportation was 6.82-7.22. Transportation was associated with increased gastric squamous ulcer scores, particularly in horses fasted for gastroscopy and NGT placement immediately before departure. Gastric emptying appeared delayed after transportation in horses fed before departure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transportation is associated with increased gastric squamous ulceration and with increased pH of GF. These findings may be a consequence of impaired gastric emptying and reflux of alkaline small intestinal content, with factors such as duodenal bile salts and short-chain fatty acids mediating mucosal injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T04:27:53Z","timestamp":1580704073000},"page":"922-932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Padalino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, , Bologna,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina L.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5558-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharanne L.","family":"Raidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga, New South Wales,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302532734700_jvim15698-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12236","article-title":"Rethinking equine gastric ulcer syndrome: part 1\u2014terminology, clinical signs and diagnosis","volume":"26","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Equine Vet 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