{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:13:36Z","timestamp":1790399616146,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2043,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Raagholt Research Foundation, Norway"},{"name":"The Raagholt Research Foundation, Norway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Envenomation by the European adder (Vipera berus) is common in dogs in Europe. Cardiac arrhythmias occur but clinical studies of envenomated dogs are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe arrhythmias in dogs within 48\u2009hours of envenomation, and investigate associations between arrhythmia grade, serum troponin I (cTnI), and snakebite severity score (SS score).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-one client-owned dogs bitten by V berus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study of envenomated dogs. Ambulatory electrocardiograms were recorded from presentation to 48\u2009hours after snakebite, and arrhythmias graded 0 to 3 based on frequency and severity. Serum cTnI was measured at presentation, 12\u2009hours, 24\u2009hours, 36\u2009hours, and 14\u2009days after bite. An SS score of 1 to 3 was recorded at admission and based on clinical examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All dogs survived. Twelve dogs (57%) developed arrhythmias, all of which were ventricular in origin. Severe complex ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) were observed in 6 dogs (29%). Eighty-one percent of dogs (n = 17) had increased cTnI concentrations at 1 or more time points. Dogs that developed arrhythmias had significantly higher concentrations of cTnI at 12\u2009hours (1.67 [0.04-32.68] versus 0.03 [0.01-0.052]; P = .002), 24\u2009hours (1.88 [0.2-14.23] versus 0.06 [0.01-2.06]; P = .009), and 36\u2009hours (3.7 [0.02-16.62] versus 0.06 [0.01-1.33]; P = .006) after bite compared to those that did not. Contingency table analysis showed that SS score was not significantly associated with arrhythmia grade (P = .9).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Myocardial cell injury, reflected by increased cTnI concentrations and VAs, is common after V berus envenomation in dogs. Prolonged electrocardiography monitoring is advised, particularly where cTnI is increased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T05:29:37Z","timestamp":1592458177000},"page":"1369-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Ambulatory electrocardiography and serum cardiac troponin I measurement in 21 dogs envenomated by the European adder (\n                    <i>Vipera berus<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6636-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Harjen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelin A.","family":"Bjelland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Norwegian Medicines Agency , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HeartVets Exeter, City Vets , Exeter,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tone K.","family":"Gr\u00f8n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin P.","family":"Anfinsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena R.","family":"Moldal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runa","family":"R\u00f8rtveit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302585284100_jvim15817-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.d4695","article-title":"Canine adder bites in the UK: a retrospective study of cases reported to the Veterinary Poisons Information 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