{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:24:56Z","timestamp":1792671896441,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1920,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bloodstream infections (BSI) are common in sick foals and increase foal morbidity and mortality when they occur. Recognition of risk factors for BSI could be an important means to limit their occurrence, but studies on this topic are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Historical as well as maternal and foal physical examination findings will predict risk of BSI in neonatal foals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Foals &amp;lt;14\u2009days of age admitted to a referral equine hospital for care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case-control study with univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four hundred twenty-nine (143 cases and 286 controls) foals &amp;lt;14\u2009days of age were studied. Risk of a foal having a BSI was increased in foals with umbilical disease (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 11.01; P =\u2009.02), hypoglycemia (adjusted OR, 13.51; P =\u2009.03), and the combined presence of umbilical disease and low hematocrit (adjusted OR, &amp;gt;999.99; P =\u2009.04). Factors not found to be risk factors for development of BSI included prematurity, hypothermia, abdominal disease, diarrhea, failure of passive transfer, and maternal uterine infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several historical and physical examination findings increase the risk of foals being blood culture positive at presentation to the hospital. This knowledge may aid early identification of blood culture status, thus aiding in treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T14:01:48Z","timestamp":1602511308000},"page":"2738-2750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Factors associated with the risk of positive blood culture in neonatal foals presented to a referral center (2000-2014)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0353-4433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Furr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University , Stillwater, Oklahoma,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Harold","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1994.204.10.1644","article-title":"Causes of and farm management factors associated with disease and death in foals","volume":"204","author":"Cohen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Amer Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.1608","article-title":"Bacterial isolates from blood and their susceptibility patterns in critically ill foals: 543 cses (1991 - 1998)","volume":"218","author":"Marsh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Amer Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164054406856","article-title":"Arterial lactate concentration, hospital survival, sepsis and SIRS in critically ill neonatal foals","volume":"37","author":"Corley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12348","article-title":"Retrospective evaluation of blood culture isolates and sepsis survival rate in foals in The Czech Republic: 50 cases (2011 -2013)","volume":"25","author":"Hytychovka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet Emer Crit Care"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2008.00311.x","article-title":"Blood culture isolates and antimicrobial sensitivities from 427 critically ill neonatal foals","volume":"86","author":"Russell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0152.x","article-title":"Bacteremia in equine neonatal diarrhea: a retrospective study (1990 -2007)","volume":"22","author":"Hollis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00088.x","article-title":"Prognosis for neonatal foals in an intensive care unit","volume":"11","author":"Furr","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb03157.x","article-title":"Prognostic variables for survival of neonatal foals under intensive care","volume":"6","author":"Hoffman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00509.x","article-title":"Association of admission L-lactate concentrations in hospitalized equine neonates with presenting complaint, periparturient events, clinical diagnosis, and outcome: a prospective multicentre study","volume":"44","author":"Borchers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12536","article-title":"Factors associated with outcome and gradual improvement in survival over time in 1065 equine neonates admitted to an intensive care unit","volume":"49","author":"Giguere","year":"2015","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"2026020922122619900_jvim15923-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(74)90038-3","article-title":"Studies on passive immunity in the foal III. 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