{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T09:56:53Z","timestamp":1782554213517,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1859,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Minimally invasive transcatheter occlusion using Amplatz canine duct occluder (ACDO) is the treatment of choice for dogs with left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). However, in small dogs the femoral artery diameter is often too small to accommodate the guiding catheter required for ACDO deployment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Describe the effectiveness of transarterial implantation of Amplatzer Vascular Plug 4 (AVP-4), the only self-expandable nitinol mesh occlusion device which can be implanted through a 4 French diagnostic catheter, in small dogs with left-to-right shunting PDA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven client-owned dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive case series. Dogs with hemodynamically relevant left-to-right shunting PDA and a femoral artery diameter less than 2.0\u2009mm measured preoperatively with ultrasonography were prospectively enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Angiography after releasing the device showed complete immediate PDA closure in 5 dogs, where the manufacturers' recommendation were strictly followed (30%-50% device oversizing of the ductal ampulla's diameter). Trivial residual flow on angiography in the 6th dog, whose device was slightly undersized, had resolved on echocardiography within 2 hours after placement. Marked device undersizing in the 7th dog resulted in severe residual shunting, which necessitated the addition of a coil. In this dog, the AVP-4 embolized into the pulmonary artery within 2\u2009weeks after placement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transarterial implantation of AVP-4 is a safe, effective and technically easy procedure for PDA occlusion in small dogs and offers a valuable alternative to coil implantation. Accurate PDA measurement and device sizing is essential to prevent residual shunting, inadvertent device embolization, and protrusion of the device into the aorta.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T15:29:15Z","timestamp":1606404555000},"page":"98-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Low profile vascular plug for transarterial occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in small dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3640-5224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alma H.","family":"Hulsman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Utrecht,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes M. 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J.","family":"Breur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Department of Pediatric Cardiology, , Utrecht,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0273-6586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Szatm\u00e1ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Utrecht,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020922090962200_jvim15966-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2015.06.001","article-title":"Prevalence of congenital heart disease in 76,301 mixed-breed dogs and 57,025 mixed-breed cats","volume":"17","author":"Schrope","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet 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