{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:14:18Z","timestamp":1790007258297,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1800,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Programme, Antimicrobial Resistance of Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["177378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177378"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006454","name":"Swiss Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1.18.10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.18.10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006454","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006454","name":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterin\u00e4rwesen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1.18.10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.18.10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006454","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) present a threat to human and animal health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess acquisition, prevalence of and risk factors for MDRO carriage in dogs and cats presented to veterinary clinics or practices in Switzerland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Privately owned dogs (n = 183) and cats (n = 88) presented to 4 veterinary hospitals and 1 practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Oronasal and rectal swabs were collected at presentation and 69% of animals were sampled again at discharge. Methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci and macrococci, cephalosporinase-, and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales were isolated. Genetic relatedness of isolates was assessed by repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction and multilocus sequence typing. Risk factors for MDRO acquisition and carriage were analyzed based on questionnaire-derived and hospitalization data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Admission prevalence of MDRO carriage in pets was 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.4-20.4). The discharge prevalence and acquisition rates were 32.1% (95% CI, 25.5-39.3) and 28.3% (95% CI, 22-35.4), respectively. Predominant hospital-acquired isolates were extended spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E coli; 17.3%) and \u03b2-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.7%). At 1 institution, a cluster of 24 highly genetically related CP (blaoxa181 and blaoxa48) was identified. Multivariate analysis identified hospitalization at clinic 1 (odds ratio [OR], 5.1; 95% CI, 1.6-16.8) and days of hospitalization (OR 3-5\u2009days, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.8-10.9; OR\u2009&amp;gt;\u20095\u2009days, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.3-28.8) as risk factors for MDRO acquisition in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Veterinary hospitals play an important role in the selection and transmission of MDRO among veterinary patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T11:24:03Z","timestamp":1612351443000},"page":"970-979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Acquisition and carriage of multidrug-resistant organisms in dogs and cats presented to small animal practices and clinics in Switzerland"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Dazio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bern Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Nigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janne S.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich , Z\u00fcrich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Brilhante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Mauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierklinik Aarau West AG , Oberentfelden,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan P.","family":"Kuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Better Together Healthcare Consulting , Steinackerstrasse 44, Wiesendangen, Zurich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie Gobeli","family":"Brawand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gertraud","family":"Sch\u00fcpbach-Regula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bern Department of Clinical Research and Public Health, , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Willi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich , Z\u00fcrich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Endimiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Faculty of Medicine , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Perreten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern , Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7316-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Schuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bern 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