{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T21:58:09Z","timestamp":1770155889203,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1251,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01OD026526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01OD026526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NORD Grant"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01OD026526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01OD026526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemoembolization is a viable treatment option for patients with nonresectable hepatic carcinoma (HC) and may allow delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs with decreased systemic toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compare the serum concentrations of doxorubicin after chemoembolization or IV administration in the same patient. We hypothesized that locoregional delivery may result in increased tumor chemotherapeutic drug concentrations, reflected by decreased measurable serum drug concentrations. Adverse hematological events were hypothesized to be decreased after locoregional delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventeen client-owned dogs with incompletely resectable HC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, single-arm clinical trial. Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was performed to varying levels of blood flow stasis (NO STASIS, STASIS). Intravenous doxorubicin (IVC) subsequently was administered in selected patients. Systemic exposure was quantified by area under the serum doxorubicin concentration time curve (AUC), maximum serum doxorubicin concentration (Cmax), and time doxorubicin was last above the limit of quantitation (Tlast). Nadir test results after treatments were used to evaluate adverse hematological events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen NO STASIS treatments, 15 STASIS treatments, and 9 IVC treatments were performed. Maximum serum doxorubicin concentration, AUC, and Tlast were significantly lower when comparing NO STASIS or STASIS to IVC treatments. Of the patients with nadir results available, no adverse hematological events were observed after NO STASIS or STASIS treatments. Two patients developed adverse hematological events after IVC treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\/Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization offers a viable treatment option for patients with incompletely resectable HC with the potential for increased local tumor doxorubicin concentrations, decreased systemic chemotherapeutic exposure, and fewer adverse hematological events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T05:54:02Z","timestamp":1660629242000},"page":"1792-1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pharmacokinetic study comparing doxorubicin concentrations after chemoembolization or intravenous administration in dogs with naturally occurring nonresectable hepatic carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6456-4962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Samuel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center , New York City, New York,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of California Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5202-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chick","family":"Weisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center , New York City, New York,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allyson C.","family":"Berent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center , New York City, New York,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3789-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9o P.","family":"Rogatko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center , New York City, New York,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Veterinary Surgical Centers , Vienna, Virginia,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Wittenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lamb Statistical Consulting LLC , West Saint Paul, Minnesota,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588001700504","article-title":"Canine hepatic neoplasms: a clinicopathologic study","volume":"17","author":"Patnaik","year":"1980","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588101800402","article-title":"Canine hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Patnaik","year":"1981","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2016.11.016","article-title":"Hepatobiliary neoplasia","volume":"47","author":"Selmic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.225.1225","article-title":"Massive hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs: 48 cases (1992-2002)","volume":"225","author":"Liptak","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i16.2009","article-title":"Transarterial chemoembolization: evidences from the literature and applications in hepatocellular carcinoma patients","volume":"7","author":"Facciorusso","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29086","article-title":"AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"67","author":"Heimbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2018.11.002","article-title":"Updated use of TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: how and when to use it based on clinical evidence","volume":"72","author":"Raoul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0008","first-page":"123","article-title":"Transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy","volume":"2","author":"Jang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hepatocell Carcinoma"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Liver-directed therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Kis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16109","article-title":"Drug-eluting bead chemoembolization for the treatment of nonresectable hepatic carcinoma in dogs: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Rogatko","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.1430","article-title":"Percutaneous arterial embolization and chemoembolization for treatment of benign and malignant tumors in three dogs and a goat","volume":"221","author":"Weisse","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.10.020","article-title":"Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with drug eluting beads: efficacy and doxorubicin pharmacokinetics","volume":"46","author":"Varela","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.04.021","article-title":"A phase I\/II trial of chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using a novel intra-arterial drug-eluting bead","volume":"5","author":"Poon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12455","article-title":"Doxorubicin area under the curve is an important predictor of neutropenia in dogs with naturally occurring cancers","volume":"17","author":"Wittenburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Comp Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0015","first-page":"3339","article-title":"Regional pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin following hepatic arterial and portal venous administration: evaluation with hepatic venous isolation and charcoal hemoperfusion","volume":"58","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0016","first-page":"2","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic modeling of data with below quantification limit","volume":"4","author":"Dorababu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bioequivalence Bioavailab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12677","article-title":"Veterinary oncology group\u2014common terminology criteria for adverse events following investigational therapy in dogs and cats","volume":"19","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Comp Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-010-0044-3","article-title":"Safety profile of sequential transcatheter chemoembolization with DC bead\u2122: results of 237 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients","volume":"34","author":"Malagari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0019","first-page":"241","article-title":"Identifying predictors and evaluating the role of steroids in the prevention of post-embolization syndrome after transarterial chemoembolization and bland embolization","volume":"34","author":"Agrawal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0020","first-page":"31","article-title":"Intra-arterial infusion of anticancer drugs: theoretic aspects of drug delivery and review of responses","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0021","first-page":"187","article-title":"Pilot study comparing serum chemotherapy levels after intra-arterial and intravenous administration in dogs with naturally occurring urinary tract tumors","volume":"83","author":"Kirsch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0022","first-page":"1717","article-title":"The theory and practice of chemotherapy by arterial infusion. The importance of pharmacokinetic research","volume":"11","author":"Taguchi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0023","first-page":"3892","article-title":"Doxorubicin-eluting beads versus conventional transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2018.0088","article-title":"Update on transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting microspheres for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Nouri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-009-9711-7","article-title":"Prospective randomized study of doxorubicin-eluting-bead embolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: results of the PRECISION V study","volume":"33","author":"Lammer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0026","first-page":"157","article-title":"Withrow and MacEwen's small animal clinical oncology","author":"Gustafson","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0027","first-page":"1079","article-title":"Successful management of doxorubicin overdose and extravasation in a dog with lymphoma","volume":"59","author":"Kicenuik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Canadian Vet J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000000302","article-title":"Management of postembolization syndrome following hepatic transarterial chemoembolization for primary or metastatic liver cancer","volume":"39","author":"Blackburn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4445-9","article-title":"Advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: conventional versus drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization","volume":"27","author":"Gorodetski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2009.02.004","article-title":"Supporting the veterinary cancer patient on chemotherapy: neutropenia and gastrointestinal toxicity","volume":"24","author":"Vail","year":"2009","journal-title":"Top Companion Anim Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1111\/hpb.12487","article-title":"Post-embolization syndrome as an early predictor of overall survival after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Mason","year":"2015","journal-title":"HPB"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020304020372600_jvim16520-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000195323.46152.B3","article-title":"DC bead: in vitro characterization of a drug-delivery device for transarterial chemoembolization","volume":"17","author":"Lewis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvim.16520","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jvim.16520","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/36\/5\/1792\/66665125\/jvim16520.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/36\/5\/1792\/66665125\/jvim16520.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T09:02:14Z","timestamp":1770109334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article\/36\/5\/1792\/8448896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.16520","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}