{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T22:04:37Z","timestamp":1770156277495,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1190,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 3-year-old entire female Springer Spaniel, with a previous diagnosis of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin diagnosed 2\u2009years before presentation and treated with long term administration of prednisolone, developed proteinuria. Laboratory findings revealed hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, and proteinuria. Further investigations excluded underlying causes. Renal biopsies were performed. The glomeruli and the tubulointerstitial compartment did not show any anomalies on light microscopy and immunofluorescence staining did not reveal abnormalities. Transmission electron microscopy revealed moderate podocyte injury consisting of foot process effacement and microvillus transformation of the cytoplasm. The dog was diagnosed with primary minimal change disease of the podocytes and treated with telmisartan and mycophenolate mofetil. Abnormalities of serum albumin, cholesterol, and proteinuria resolved within 4\u2009weeks. Minimal change disease has been reported in dogs, but this is a case report of proteinuria secondary to minimal change disease successfully treated with mycophenolate mofetil and telmisartan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T04:29:02Z","timestamp":1663993742000},"page":"2187-2190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mycophenolate mofetil and telmisartan for the treatment of proteinuria secondary to minimal change disease podocytopathy in a dog"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6946-3121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Travail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Internal Medicine, Forest Corner Farm , Hampshire,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8213-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Cianciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3070-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerry","family":"Peak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists , Hampshire,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1068-6248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Di Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists , Hampshire,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012070734","article-title":"The treatment of minimal change disease in adults","volume":"24","author":"Hogan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05000516","article-title":"Minimal change disease","volume":"12","author":"Vivarelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.04.024","article-title":"Acute kidney injury complicating nephrotic syndrome of minimal change disease","volume":"94","author":"Meyrier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0004","article-title":"Minimal-change disease secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection","volume":"2012","author":"Kwiatkowska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.12.2286","article-title":"Investigation of glomerular lesions in dogs with acute experimentally induced Ehrlichia canis infection","volume":"53","author":"Codner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(08)80252-6","article-title":"A canine nephropathy resembling minimal change nephrotic syndrome in man","volume":"109","author":"Vilafranca","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0471.x","article-title":"Drug-induced minimal change nephropathy in a dog","volume":"24","author":"Sum","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2010.12.011","article-title":"Minimal change glomerulopathy in a cat","volume":"13","author":"Backlund","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12189","article-title":"Masitinib-associated minimal change disease with acute tubular necrosis resulting in acute kidney injury in a dog","volume":"27","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14796","article-title":"European veterinary renal pathology service: a survey over a year period (2008\u20132015)","volume":"31","author":"Aresu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/11.11.2192","article-title":"Long-term outcome of adult-onset minimal-change nephropathy","volume":"161","author":"Mak","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0012","first-page":"35","article-title":"Renal disease: classification and atlas of glomerular disease","volume":"1982","author":"Churg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Igaku-Shoin, Tokyo"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12226","article-title":"Pathologic evaluation of canine renal biopsies: methods for identifying features that differentiate immune-mediated glomerulonephritides from other categories of glomerular diseases","volume":"27","author":"Cianciolo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.147","article-title":"Minimal change disease and idiopathic FSGS: manifestations of the same disease","volume":"12","author":"Maas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/s00108-019-0590-y","article-title":"Minimal-change-glomerulonephritis und fokal-segmentale Glomerulosklerose [minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis]","volume":"60","author":"M\u00fcller-Deile","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internist"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0016","first-page":"1545","article-title":"Amyloid nephrotic syndrome in the dog","volume":"154","author":"Osborne","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12247","article-title":"Prevalence of immune complex glomerulonephritides in dogs biopsied for suspected glomerular disease: 501 cases (2007\u20132012)","volume":"27","author":"Schneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13065","article-title":"Occurrence, management and outcome of immune-complex glomerulonephritis in dogs with suspected glomerulopathy in the UK","volume":"60","author":"Vessieres","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00086.x","article-title":"Effects of glucocorticoid therapy on urine protein-to creatinine ratios and renal morphology in dogs","volume":"11","author":"Waters","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0020","article-title":"Renal function and morphology in aged Beagle dogs before and after hydrocortisone administration","volume":"7","author":"Smets","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vi52","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg1060","article-title":"Secondary minimal change disease","volume":"18","author":"Glassock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1159\/000183363","article-title":"Morphological transition in minimal change nephrotic syndrome","volume":"39","author":"Tejani","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03531006","article-title":"Adult minimal-change disease: clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes","volume":"2","author":"Waldman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfx035","article-title":"Efficacy of mycophenolate treatment in adults with steroid191 dependent\/frequently relapsing idiopathic nephrotic syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Sandoval","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0025","article-title":"Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children","volume":"4","author":"Larkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026020304032762000_jvim16534-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12230","article-title":"Consensus recommendations for standard therapy of glomerular disease in dogs","volume":"27","author":"IRIS Canine GN Study Group Standard Therapy Subgroup","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvim.16534","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jvim.16534","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/2187\/66666600\/jvim16534.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/2187\/66666600\/jvim16534.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T09:03:47Z","timestamp":1770109427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article\/36\/6\/2187\/8449113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.16534","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}