{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:43:15Z","timestamp":1776692595052,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1129,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fecal bacterial microbiota of normal foals and foals with enterocolitis has been characterized using next-generation sequencing technology; however, there are no reports investigating the gut microbiota in foals hospitalized for other perinatal diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe and compare the fecal bacterial microbiota in healthy and sick foals using next-generation sequencing techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospitalized (17) and healthy foals (21).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case-control study. Fecal samples were collected from healthy and sick foals on admission. Sick foals were further divided into sick nonseptic (SNS, n\u00a0=\u00a09) and septic (n\u00a0=\u00a08) foals. After extraction of DNA, the V4 region of the 16\u2009S rRNA gene was amplified using a PCR assay, and the final product was sequenced with an Illumina MiSeq.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diversity was significantly lower in healthy than sick foals (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). The bacterial membership (Jaccard index) and structure (Yue &amp; Clayton index) of the fecal microbiota of healthy, septic, and SNS foals were similar (AMOVA, P\u2009&amp;gt;\u2009.05). Bacterial membership (AMOVA, P\u00a0=\u00a0.06) and structure (AMOVA, P\u00a0=\u00a0.33) were not different between healthy and sick foals. Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus were among the 5 more abundant taxa identified in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher fecal microbiota diversity in sick than healthy foals might suggest a high exposure to environmental microorganisms or an unstable colonic microbiota. The presence of microorganisms causing bacteremia in foals in a high relative abundance in the feces of foals suggests the intestine might play an essential role in the causation of bacteremia in foals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T02:45:40Z","timestamp":1671072340000},"page":"315-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn foals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7495-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego E.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph Department of Clinical Studies, , Guelph, 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