{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:59:01Z","timestamp":1791359941415,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1129,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endogenous production of carbon monoxide during hemoglobin metabolism leads to the formation of carboxyhemoglobin. Carboxyhemoglobin concentration is abnormally high in humans with hemolytic anemia (HA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Measurement of carboxyhemoglobin concentration can discriminate HA from other forms of anemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-seven dogs with HA (immune-mediated HA, n\u00a0=\u00a022; microangiopathic HA, n\u00a0=\u00a05), 27 dogs with non-HA (kidney disease, n\u00a0=\u00a014; immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, [n\u00a0=\u00a06]; miscellaneous, n\u00a0=\u00a07) and 24 nonanemic control dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study. Carboxyhemoglobin quantification, a CBC and biochemistry profile were performed upon admission, and survival to hospital discharge and at 30\u2009days were the measured outcomes. Groups were compared by the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to examine the predictive utility of carboxyhemoglobin for the diagnosis of HA in anemic dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carboxyhemoglobin (median [interquartile range]) differed between dogs with HA (7.7% [2.5%]) and non-HA (3.6% [1.05]; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) and dogs with HA and nonanemic dogs (3.5% [0.65%]; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). No difference was detected between nonHA and nonanemic dogs. The area under the ROC curve for carboxyhemoglobin as predictor of HA in anemic dogs was 0.997 (95% CI, 0.99-1.00). Three optimal cut-off points were identified, including 5.05%, 4.55% and 4.85%, with corresponding sensitivity\/specificity of 92.6%\/100%, 100%\/92.6% and 96.3%\/96.3%, respectively. Neither carboxyhemoglobin nor any of the CBC or chemistry analytes were associated with survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carboxyhemoglobin proved an excellent predictor of HA in dogs and might constitute a useful, ancillary tool for diagnosing and monitoring hemolytic anemias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T08:44:46Z","timestamp":1672044286000},"page":"110-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Carboxyhemoglobin as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of hemolytic anemias in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5523-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Nivy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben-Shemen Specialist Referral Center , Ben-Shemen Youth Village,","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gila","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaron","family":"Bruchim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben-Shemen Specialist Referral Center , Ben-Shemen Youth Village,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302521052200_jvim16617-bib-0001","first-page":"217","article-title":"Canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: pathophysiology, clinical signs, and diagnosis","volume":"29","author":"Balch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet"},{"key":"2026020302521052200_jvim16617-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2011.604979","article-title":"Canine idiopathic immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: a review with recommendations for future research","volume":"31","author":"Piek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Q"},{"key":"2026020302521052200_jvim16617-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168296","article-title":"Characterisation of the immunophenotype of dogs with primary immune-mediated haemolytic 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