{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:10:30Z","timestamp":1783332630523,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1009,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-02069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-02069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\u201002069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u201002069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin that is increased in osteoarthritic joints of horses. In humans, NGF has been associated with pain, and both synovial and serum NGF concentrations are increased in osteoarthritic patients. Studies in humans also have shown that serum NGF concentration can increase with stress. Serum NGF concentration should be evaluated in horses with osteoarthritis-associated lameness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Quantify and compare serum NGF concentration in horses with osteoarthritis-associated lameness and sound horses. Additionally, the impact of short-term stress on serum NGF concentration was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lame horses with radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (n\u2009=\u200920), lame horses without radiographic changes in the affected joint (n\u2009=\u200920) and sound horses (n\u2009=\u200920). In addition, horses with acute fractures (n\u2009=\u20099) were sampled. To determine the effect of stress, serum from horses subjected to a stressful event (transportation, n\u2009=\u20095; stress confirmed by increased serum cortisol concentration) was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional clinical study (lame, sound, and fracture cohorts) and experimental longitudinal study (stress cohort). Serum NGF concentration was determined using a quantitative sandwich ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum NGF concentration was increased in lame horses with radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001; median, 238\u2009pg\/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 63-945\u2009pg\/mL) and in lame horses without radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis in the painful joint (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05; median, 31\u2009pg\/mL; IQR, 31-95\u2009pg\/mL) compared with sound horses (median, 31\u2009pg\/mL; IQR, 31-46\u2009pg\/mL). Serum NGF concentration did not increase with short-term stress and was low in horses with fracture-associated pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum NGF concentration was high in the cohort with advanced osteoarthritis and should be investigated as a marker for osteoarthritis-associated pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T06:51:26Z","timestamp":1682059886000},"page":"1201-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum nerve growth factor in horses with osteoarthritis-associated lameness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0504-2547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Kendall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Pharmacology and Toxicology , Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"L\u00fctzelschwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Pharmacology and Toxicology , Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4985-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Lundblad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Anatomy, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Ski\u00f6ldebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Pharmacology and Toxicology , Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.07.030","article-title":"Systematic pain assessment in horses","volume":"209","author":"de Grauw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2018.05.001","article-title":"Behavioral observations and comparisons of nonlame horses and lame horses before and after resolution of lameness by diagnostic analgesia","volume":"26","author":"Dyson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Behav"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401160206","article-title":"Selective growth stimulating effects of mouse sarcoma on the sensory and sympathetic nervous system of the chick embryo","volume":"116","author":"Levi-Montalcini","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Exp Zool"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3306916","article-title":"The nerve growth factor 35\u2009years later","volume":"237","author":"Levi-Montalcini","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18051028","article-title":"NGF and its receptors in the regulation of inflammatory response","volume":"18","author":"Minnone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.11.022","article-title":"NGF induces non-inflammatory localized and lasting mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in human skin","volume":"148","author":"Rukwied","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026020302563320700_jvim16718-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20172","article-title":"Familial insensitivity to pain (HSAN V) and a mutation in the NGFB gene. 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