{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T05:12:25Z","timestamp":1781845945818,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1009,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011119","name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011119","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Multimin USA, Inc"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012651","name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc."},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011119","name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011119","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012651","name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the effects of trace mineral supplementation on the stress response in beef calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effect of injectable trace mineral supplementation (ITM) on the stress response in beef calves exposed to different types of stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty weaned Angus and Angus crossbred calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The enrolled calves were randomly assigned to 2 groups: ITM, 15 calves received modified-live virus vaccine (MLV) and ITM SC and 15 calves received MLV and saline SC (CONT). The calves were exposed to 3 types of stress: the stress of MLV vaccination (d0), nasal aerosol with bovine viral diarrhea virus-2 (BVDV-2) challenge (d5), and liver biopsy (d26). The calves' body weights and health status were monitored. Leukocyte counts, serum cortisol concentration ([cort]), BVDV-2 serum neutralizing antibodies (SNA), and percentages of CD4+, CD8+, WC1+, and CD25+ T-lymphocytes were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum cortisol concentration ([cort]) showed strong associations with the percentage of CD8+ (rs\u2009=\u2009.50), BVDV2-SNA (rs\u2009=\u2009\u2212.43), and WC1CD25+ (rs\u2009=\u2009.41) cells, and rectal temperature (rs\u2009=\u2009.40). The highest [cort] was reported 3\u2009days after aerosol BVDV-2 challenge. Serum [cort] was decreased in ITM-treated calves 3\u2009days post-BVDV-2 challenge, compared with CONT calves, with an average decrease of 18.5\u2009ng\/\u03bcL (95% confidence interval [CI], \u22126.07 to \u221231.3). The ITM-treated calves were heavier and healthier (P &amp;lt; .01)\u00a0than the CONT calves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trace mineral supplementation appears to have stress mitigation effects in beef cattle that may reflect positively on growth and health performance. Viral exposure is associated with a high degree of stress, which is considered a major welfare concern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T05:16:03Z","timestamp":1682486163000},"page":"1278-1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of the stress-reducing effect of trace mineral injection in beef calves"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-8873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ameer A.","family":"Megahed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, , Gainesville, Florida,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University Department of Animal Medicine, , Benha,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6440-6785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o H. J.","family":"Bittar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, , Gainesville, Florida,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto A.","family":"Palomares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Department of Population Health, , Athens, Georgia,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitor R. 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