{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T07:06:02Z","timestamp":1771052762656,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":825,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs), despite having various anatomical substrates and pathophysiological mechanisms, frequently show similar electrocardiographic presentations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To locate and characterize atrial deflections (ADs) on 12-lead electrocardiograms in dogs with sustained rapid SVT and assess the utility of different electrocardiographic variables in differentiating types of tachycardia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-two dogs with orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, 17 with atrial flutter, 33 with focal atrial tachycardia recorded and confirmed by electrophysiological study, and 40 dogs with sinus tachycardia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial deflection position on the 12-lead surface electrocardiogram was assessed according to the sequence of intracardiac activation. Its features were evaluated together with the relationship between AD and QRS complex interval (AD-R) and QRS complex and AD interval (R-AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia was characterized by an AD-AD interval of 213\u2009\u00b1\u200930\u2009ms, mean electrical axis (MEA) of AD of \u221290 (\u221290\/\u221278)\u00b0, R-AD interval of 75 (65-80) ms, and R-AD\/AD-R of 0.54 (0.45-0.64). Atrial flutter was characterized by an AD-AD interval of 199\u2009\u00b1\u200957\u2009ms, MEA of 76\u00b0 (72\/81), R-AD of 120 (72-144) ms, and R-AD\/AD-R of 0.81 (0.63-1.13). Focal atrial tachycardia was characterized by an AD-AD interval of 270\u2009\u00b1\u200938\u2009ms, MEA of 49 (\u221272\/76)\u00b0, R-AD of 160 (120-200) ms, and R-AD\/AD-R of 1.45 (0.92-1.67). Sinus tachycardia was characterized by an AD-AD interval of 292\u2009\u00b1\u200931\u2009ms, MEA of 66\u00b0 (52\/73), R-AD of 215 (192-222) ms, and R-AD\/AD-R of 2.68 (2.25-3.08).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyzing AD on 12-lead electrocardiogram is helpful in differentiating the most common SVTs in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T00:51:06Z","timestamp":1694825466000},"page":"1992-2002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Localization and characterization of atrial depolarization waves on the surface electrocardiogram in dogs with rapid supraventricular tachycardia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7538-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Battaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, AniCura , Samarate, Varese,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, AniCura , Bologna, Zola Predosa,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5083-1297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Perego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, AniCura , Samarate, Varese,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, AniCura , Bologna, Zola Predosa,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1642-6722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiano","family":"Cavallini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, , Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5937-2050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Santilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa, AniCura , Samarate, Varese,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Ithaca, New 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