{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:16:18Z","timestamp":1787015778376,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":836,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are a recommended treatment for glomerular proteinuria. Frequency of response to ACEi and the association of achieving proposed urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) targets on survival is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine response rates to ACEi therapy and whether a positive response is associated with improved survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-five dogs with proteinuria (UPC\u2009&amp;gt;\u20092.0).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study including dogs (UPC\u2009&amp;gt;\u20092.0) prescribed an ACEi for treatment of proteinuria. Baseline creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, UPC, and systolic blood pressure were recorded, and cases reviewed to track UPC. Treatment response was defined as achieving a UPC of &amp;lt;0.5 or reduction of \u226550% from baseline within 3\u2009months. Outcome data were collected to determine overall and 12-month survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-five (41%) dogs responded to ACEi treatment. Treatment response was statistically associated with both median survival time (664\u2009days [95% confidence interval (CI): 459-869] for responders compared to 177 [95% CI: 131-223] for non-responders) and 12-month survival (79% responders alive compared to 28% non-responders). Baseline azotemia or hypoalbuminemia were also associated with a worse prognosis, with odds ratios of death at 12\u2009months of 5.34 (CI: 1.85-17.32) and 4.51 (CI: 1.66-13.14), respectively. In the 25 dogs with normal baseline creatinine and albumin, response to treatment was associated with 12-month survival (92% responders alive compared to 54% non-responders, P\u2009=\u2009.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When the UPC is &amp;gt;2.0, achieving recommended UPC targets within 3\u2009months appears to be associated with a significant survival benefit. Response to treatment is still associated with survival benefit in dogs with less severe disease (no azotemia or hypoalbuminemia).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T23:41:46Z","timestamp":1697067706000},"page":"2188-2199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Response and survival of dogs with proteinuria (UPC\u2009&amp;gt;\u20092.0) treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3969-1764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily A.","family":"Fulton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Glasgow Small Animal Hospital, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, 464 Bearsden Road , Glasgow G61 1QH,","place":["United 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