{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:29:09Z","timestamp":1792520949261,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":764,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015312","name":"Hill's Pet Nutrition","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015312","name":"Hill's Pet Nutrition","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cannabidiol (CBD) has therapeutic potential in companion animals. Shorter-term studies have determined that CBD is well tolerated in dogs with mild adverse effects and an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. There is need to assess CBD's long-term tolerability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determine the long-term tolerability of CBD administered PO to healthy dogs for 36\u2009weeks at dosages of 5 and 10\u2009mg\/kg body weight (BW)\/day. Our hypothesis was that CBD would be well tolerated by dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen healthy adult beagle dogs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 6 each that received 0, 5, or 10\u2009mg\/kg BW\/day CBD PO. Dogs were adapted to their housing for 3\u2009weeks and received treatment for 36\u2009weeks once daily with food. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded daily. Blood biochemistry profiles were monitored every 4\u2009weeks. Data were analyzed as repeated measures over time using a mixed model, with significance at \u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 0 and 5\u2009mg\/kg treatment groups had similar fecal scores, and the 10\u2009mg\/kg treatment group had higher frequency of soft feces. No other significant AEs were noted. An increase (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001) in ALP activity occurred in groups that received CBD. Remaining blood variables were within reference range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic administration of CBD in healthy dogs at 5\u2009mg\/kg was better tolerated than 10\u2009mg\/kg, and both dosages caused an increase in ALP activity. Although our data does not indicate hepatic damage, it is recommended to monitor liver function in dogs receiving CBD chronically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T19:00:14Z","timestamp":1701111614000},"page":"326-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Tolerability of long-term cannabidiol supplementation to healthy adult dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2992-9748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Corsato Alvarenga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Fort Collins, Colorado,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colgate-Palmolive Company, Hill's Pet Nutrition , Topeka, Kansas,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7610-9297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Fort Collins, Colorado,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020304053182600_jvim16949-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NP00074F","article-title":"Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventory","volume":"33","author":"Hanu\u0161","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"},{"key":"2026020304053182600_jvim16949-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13619","article-title":"Assessment of CBD use in pets according to a national survey in the United States","volume":"64","author":"Corsato Alvarenga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026020304053182600_jvim16949-bib-0003","first-page":"1","article-title":"The emerging role of cannabidiol (CBD) products; 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