{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:28:59Z","timestamp":1790389739168,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":520,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Greater Stockholm Veterinary Hospital Foundation"},{"name":"Agria Djurf\u00f6rs\u00e4kringar Research Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007879","name":"Thure F och Karin Forsbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007879","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Amino Acid Laboratory and the Sommer Endowment, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007879","name":"Thure F och Karin Forsbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007879","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Occurrence of low blood taurine concentrations (B-TauC) and predisposing factors to taurine deficiency in English Cocker Spaniels (ECS) are incompletely understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Investigate the occurrence of low B-TauC in a Swedish population of ECS and evaluate the association between B-TauC and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet composition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-hundred eighty privately owned ECS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs were prospectively recruited and underwent physical examination, blood analyses, and echocardiographic and ophthalmic examinations. Dogs with clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) also underwent thoracic radiography. Taurine concentrations were analyzed in plasma (EDTA and heparin) and whole blood. Diets consumed by the dogs at the time of the examination were analyzed for dietary taurine- (D-TauC), cysteine- (D-CysC), and methionine concentrations (D-MetC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-three of 180 dogs (29%) had low B-TauC, of which 13 (25%) dogs had clinical and radiographic signs of CHF, increased echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) dimensions and volumes, and impaired LV systolic function. Five (9%) dogs with low B-TauC had retinal abnormalities. Dietary MetC, dietary animal protein source (red\/white meat), and age were associated with B-TauC in the final multivariable regression model (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001, R2adj\u2009=\u2009.39).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low B-TauC suggests that taurine deficiency may play a role in the development of myocardial failure and CHF in ECS. Low D-MetC and diets with red meat as the animal protein source were associated with low B-TauC. Dogs with B-TauC below the normal reference range were older than dogs with normal concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.17150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T07:18:40Z","timestamp":1723533520000},"page":"2620-2632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The association between taurine concentrations and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet in English cocker spaniels: The Canine taURinE (CURE) project"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3567-7874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Kristr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Evidensia S\u00f6dra Animal Hospital , Huddinge,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3402-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9992-8148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea J.","family":"Fascetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis Department of Molecular Biosciences, , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Str\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Dirven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidensia S\u00f6dra Animal Hospital , Huddinge,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis Department of Molecular Biosciences, , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Titti Sj\u00f6dal","family":"Ess\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anicura Albano Animal Hospital , Danderyd,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6277-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Tidholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Anicura Albano Animal Hospital , Danderyd,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Pion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Information Network , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6617-0454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Ljungvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1992.72.1.101","article-title":"Physiological actions of taurine","volume":"72","author":"Huxtable","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.01.070181.002153","article-title":"Taurine in metabolism","volume":"1","author":"Hayes","year":"1981","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0405-8_39","article-title":"From heart to hypothesis: a mechanism for the calcium modulatory actions of taurine","author":"Huxtable","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Biology of Taurine: Methods and Mechanisms"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.201.02.267","article-title":"Clinical findings in cats with dilated cardiomyopathy and relationship of findings to taurine deficiency","volume":"201","author":"Pion","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(91)90003-Q","article-title":"Taurine: retinal function","volume":"16","author":"Lombardini","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138364","article-title":"Retinal degeneration associated with taurine deficiency in the cat","volume":"188","author":"Hayes","year":"1975","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0007","article-title":"Taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy in golden retrievers fed commercial diets","volume":"13","author":"Kaplan","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00092.x","article-title":"Results of the multicenter spaniel trial (MUST): taurine-and carnitine-responsive dilated cardiomyopathy in American cocker spaniels with decreased plasma taurine concentration","volume":"11","author":"Kittleson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.1137","article-title":"Taurine deficiency in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy: 12 cases (1997\u20132001)","volume":"223","author":"Fascetti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.1130","article-title":"Taurine deficiency in Newfoundlands fed commercially available complete and balanced diets","volume":"223","author":"Backus","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13306","article-title":"Low plasma taurine levels in English cocker spaniels diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"62","author":"Basili","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1995.tb01076.x","article-title":"Plasma taurine concentrations in normal dogs and in dogs with heart disease","volume":"9","author":"Kramer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.873460","article-title":"Plasma and whole blood taurine concentrations in dogs may not be sensitive indicators of taurine deficiency when dietary sulfur amino acid content is reduced","volume":"9","author":"T\u00f4rres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16075","article-title":"Effect of type of diet on blood and plasma taurine concentrations, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiograms in 4 dog breeds","volume":"35","author":"Adin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0015","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Taurine deficiency in Newfoundland dogs maintained on commercial diets is corrected by dietary change or methionine supplementation","volume":"223","author":"Backus","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16397","article-title":"Prospective study of dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs eating nontraditional or traditional diets and in dogs with subclinical cardiac abnormalities","volume":"36","author":"Freeman","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0017","article-title":"FDA investigation into potential link between certain diets and canine dilated cardiomyopathy","author":"FDA U","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.11.1390","article-title":"Diet-associated dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs: what do we know?","volume":"253","author":"Freeman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2001.0571","article-title":"Canine idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Part I: aetiology, clinical characteristics, epidemiology and pathology","volume":"162","author":"Tidholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2008.00659.x","article-title":"Canine dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study of signalment, presentation and clinical findings in 369 cases","volume":"50","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(98)50134-9","article-title":"The effectiveness of taurine and levocarnitine in dogs with heart disease","volume":"28","author":"Pion","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12378","article-title":"The effect of 48-hour fasting on taurine status in healthy adult dogs","volume":"100","author":"Gray","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.003","article-title":"Impact of blood tube additives and timing of sampling on blood taurine concentrations in clinically healthy dogs","volume":"45","author":"Kristr\u00f6m","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15331","article-title":"ACVIM consensus statement: guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats","volume":"32","author":"Acierno","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02551.x","article-title":"Allometric scaling of M-mode cardiac measurements in normal adult dogs","volume":"18","author":"Cornell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0026"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0396.2003.00446.x","article-title":"Taurine status in normal dogs fed a commercial diet associated with taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"87","author":"T\u00f4rres","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0028","article-title":"UC Davis Veterinary medicine Amieno Acid Lab, Davis","author":"UDAAL","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2021.09.004","article-title":"Screening for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs","volume":"40","author":"Wess","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15914","article-title":"Left ventricular M-mode prediction intervals in 7651 dogs: population-wide and selected breed-specific values","volume":"34","author":"Esser","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0031","article-title":"Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine","author":"Kittleson","year":"2005","edition":"2nd ed. Mosby"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0032","article-title":"AAFCO Methods for Substantiating Nutritional Adequacy of Dog and Cat Foods","author":"Officials AoAFC","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0033","article-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats","author":"National Research Council","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.3920\/JIFF2022.0140","article-title":"Taurine content of insects used as feed","volume":"9","author":"Kou\u0159imsk\u00e1","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Insects Food Feed"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2003.10.012","article-title":"Traditional and nontraditional effective and noneffective therapies for cardiac disease in dogs and cats","volume":"34","author":"Pion","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0036","first-page":"1200","article-title":"Tapetum disorganization in taurine-depleted cats","volume":"18","author":"Wen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0037","first-page":"505","article-title":"An ultrastructural study of nutritionally induced and reversed retinal degeneration in cats","volume":"78","author":"Hayes","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(86)80045-8","article-title":"Retinal degeneration induced by taurine deficiency in light-deprived cats","volume":"43","author":"Pasantes-Morales","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(89)50052-4","article-title":"Taurine deficiency syndrome in cats","volume":"19","author":"Hayes","year":"1989","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)97000-6","article-title":"Appraisal of four pre-column derivatization methods for the high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of free amino acids in biological materials","volume":"499","author":"F\u00fcrst","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0041","first-page":"793","article-title":"Taurine content in foods","volume":"40","author":"Pasantes-Morales","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nutr Rep Int"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0396.2003.00434.x","article-title":"Taurine concentrations in animal feed ingredients; cooking influences taurine content","volume":"87","author":"Spitze","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(97)80234-8","article-title":"Taurine and human nutrition","volume":"16","author":"Stapleton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.2527\/1998.7641112x","article-title":"Effects of species raw material source, ash content, and processing temperature on amino acid digestibility of animal by-product meals by cecectomized roosters and ileally cannulated dogs","volume":"76","author":"Johnson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-022-00827-8","article-title":"Amino acid nutrition and metabolism in domestic cats and dogs","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-2863(90)90070-2","article-title":"Methionine metabolism in mammals","volume":"1","author":"Finkelstein","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0047","first-page":"423","article-title":"Redox Chemistry and Biology of Thiols","author":"Carballal","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa324","article-title":"Minimum dietary methionine requirements in miniature dachshund, beagle, and labrador retriever adult dogs using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique","volume":"98","author":"Mansilla","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1616","article-title":"Effects of dietary fat and L-carnitine on plasma and whole blood taurine concentrations and cardiac function in healthy dogs fed protein-restricted diets","volume":"62","author":"Sanderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0050","article-title":"Influence of a grain free diet on the blood plasma taurine concentration in English cocker spaniels. In: Eesti Maa\u00fclikool","author":"Poutiainen","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026020505462506100_jvim17150-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa010","article-title":"Effects of different carbohydrate sources on taurine status in healthy beagle dogs","volume":"98","author":"Pezzali","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/38\/5\/2620\/66662132\/jvim17150.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/38\/5\/2620\/66662132\/jvim17150.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:46:36Z","timestamp":1770288396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article\/38\/5\/2620\/8448498"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.17150","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}