{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:22:45Z","timestamp":1771518165625,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":398,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Seed Grants for International Activities Program (Aleman), University of California Davis","award":["PD1001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD1001"]}]},{"name":"Equine and Comparative Neurology Research Group (Aleman), University of California Davis","award":["V435AM2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V435AM2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluating antibody titers for Sarcocystis neurona for the diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis from serum samples is a common practice. However, ensuring timely and proper refrigeration is not always possible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) titers for S. neurona from serum samples stored at room temperature and 4\u00b0C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Samples<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-two serum samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective longitudinal study. Two serum aliquots of 1\u2009mL each were stored at room temperature (20-23.3\u00b0C) and 4\u00b0C. The unrefrigerated aliquot was immediately tested for IFA titers. Both aliquots were retested on Days 5 and 10 after collection. A paired t test was used to compare IFA titers at different time points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant difference between IFA titers from baseline with those stored at room temperature at Days 5 (P\u2009=\u2009.741, 95% CI [\u221256.83, 78.65]), 10 (P\u2009=\u2009.677, 95% CI [\u221250.01, 75.46]), and between 5 and 10\u2009days (P\u2009=\u20090.949, 95% CI [\u221257.50, 61.14]). There was no significant difference from baseline with those stored at 4\u00b0C for Days 5 (P\u2009=\u2009.964, 95% CI [\u221281.81, 85.45]), 10 (P\u2009=\u20090.573, 95% CI [\u2212109.4, 62.15]), and between 5 and 10\u2009days (P\u2009=\u2009.5, 95% CI [\u2212102.6, 51.67]). There was no statistical difference between samples stored at room temperature and 4\u00b0C (P\u2009=\u2009.688, CI [\u221255.51, 37.33]) on Days 5 and 10 (P\u2009=\u2009.104, CI [\u221280.8, 8.07]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunofluorescent antibody test titers for S. neurona are stable for up to 10\u2009days at room temperature and 4\u00b0C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.17282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T14:43:01Z","timestamp":1734964981000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of refrigeration, room temperature, and processing time on serum immunofluorescent antibody titers for\n                    <i>Sarcocystis neurona<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Valderrama-Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogot\u00e1,","place":["Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Packham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shichen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woutrina","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Plancarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5811-9520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Aleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, , Davis, California,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302394628700_jvim17282-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182021002055","article-title":"Invited review: Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii infections in horses and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM): five decades of personal experience, perspectives, and update","volume":"149","author":"Dubey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026020302394628700_jvim17282-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.01.026","article-title":"An update on Sarcocystis neurona infections in animals and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM)","volume":"209","author":"Dubey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"2026020302394628700_jvim17282-bib-0003","first-page":"54","article-title":"Epidemiology of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis in North America based on histologically confirmed cases. 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