{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:10:18Z","timestamp":1790820618751,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":339,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The standard chemotherapy treatment for large-cell lymphoma in cats is CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) or COP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone) chemotherapy protocols. Substituting vinblastine for vincristine might have similar efficacy, with lower severity of gastrointestinal adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether the addition of vinblastine to a low-dose vincristine COP protocol could reduce the frequency and severity of adverse gastrointestinal effects while maintaining or increasing efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of 41 cats with large-cell lymphoma treated with the modified COVP protocol at one veterinary referral institution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case series study. All relevant clinical data were retrospectively collected. Median progression-free survival, disease-free interval, and survival time were calculated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier Method. Differences between groups were analyzed using the log-rank test, and adverse events were graded using VCOG-CTCAE v2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progression-free survival was 264\u2009days (range, 6\u20131486\u2009days), the disease-free interval was 812\u2009days (range, 39\u20131486\u2009days) and the median survival time for all cats was 412\u2009days (range, 7\u20131772\u2009days). Complete response was achieved in 59% of the cases, and partial response was observed in 17%. Cats that achieved CR lived significantly longer, 838\u2009days (range, 81\u20131772\u2009days) versus 143\u2009days (range, 10\u2013798\u2009days; p\u2009=\u20090.0018). The COVP protocol was generally well tolerated, and the most common adverse effects were mild signs of gastrointestinal disease and hematological abnormalities that did not require a pause in treatment. Grade-1 vomiting was the most common (24%), followed by grade-2 (22%) and grade-1 reduced appetite (20%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cats with lymphoma treated with COVP seem to achieve acceptable survival and response rates compared to traditional chemotherapy protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T10:49:20Z","timestamp":1742726960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Use of Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Prednisolone and\u00a0Vinblastine for the Treatment of Large Cell Lymphoma\u00a0in Cats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Lee","family":"Pui Yung Anna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon,","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Horta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Minas Gerais Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, , Belo Horizonte,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl Nathalie","family":"Sze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jockey Club of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, , Kowloon,","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CityU Veterinary Medical Centre , Lai Chi Kok,","place":["Hong Kong"]},{"name":"Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, , Kowloon,","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0001","first-page":"993","article-title":"Epizootiologic Characteristics of Canine and Feline Leukemia and Lymphoma","volume":"28","author":"Dorn","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2010.09.015","article-title":"Incidence of Persistent Viraemia and Latent Feline Leukaemia Virus Infection in Cats With Lymphoma","volume":"13","author":"Stutzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0003","article-title":"Description and Characterization of Different Types of Lymphoma in Cats in Hong Kong","volume":"14","author":"Almendros","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12166","article-title":"Feline Discrete High-Grade Gastrointestinal Lymphoma Treated With Surgical Resection and Adjuvant CHOP-Based Chemotherapy: Retrospective Study of 20 Cases","volume":"15","author":"Gouldin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0057.x","article-title":"Combination Chemotherapy in Feline Lymphoma: Treatment Outcome, Tolerability, and Duration in 23 Cats","volume":"22","author":"Simon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.1118","article-title":"Response Rates and Survival Times for Cats With Lymphoma Treated With the University of Wisconsin-Madison Chemotherapy Protocol: 38 Cases (1996\u20132003)","volume":"227","author":"Milner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2002.tb02352.x","article-title":"Chemotherapy With Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, and Prednisolone (COP) in Cats With Malignant Lymphoma: New Results With an Old Protocol","volume":"16","author":"Teske","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1996.tb02083.x","article-title":"A Comparison of Doxorubicin and COP for Maintenance of Remission in Cats With Lymphoma","volume":"10","author":"Moore","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.08.1144","article-title":"Results of Chemotherapy for Cats With Alimentary Malignant Lymphoma: 21 Cases (1993\u20131997)","volume":"213","author":"Zwahlen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2001.tb10923.x","article-title":"Therapy for Australian Cats With Lymphosarcoma","volume":"79","author":"Malik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13516621","article-title":"Feline Mediastinal Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study of Signalment, Retroviral Status, Response to Chemotherapy and Prognostic Indicators","volume":"16","author":"Fabrizio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12158","article-title":"Treatment of Feline Intermediate- to High-Grade Lymphoma With a Modified University of Wisconsin-Madison Protocol: 119 Cases (2004\u20132012)","volume":"14","author":"Collette","year":"2016","journal-title":"Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5989","article-title":"A Retrospective Study of Feline Gastric Lymphoma in 16 Chemotherapy-Treated Cats","volume":"50","author":"Gustafson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12006","article-title":"Prospective Clinical Trial to Compare Vincristine and Vinblastine in a COP-Based Protocol for Lymphoma in Cats","volume":"27","author":"Krick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1040720306","article-title":"Interphase Action of Vinblastine and Vincristine: Differences in Their Lethal Action Through the Mitotic Cycle of Cultured Mammalian Cells","volume":"72","author":"Madoc-Jones","year":"1968","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyd036","article-title":"Alternating Combination Chemotherapy C-MOPP (Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Prednisone) and ABVd (Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine) in Clinical Stage II\u2013IV Hodgkin's Disease: A Multicenter Phase II Study (JCOG 8905)","volume":"30","author":"Takenaka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12032","article-title":"Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours in Dogs (v1.0): A Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group (VCOG) Consensus Document","volume":"13","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12677","article-title":"Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG-CTCAE v2) Following Investigational Therapy in Dogs and Cats","volume":"19","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Veterinary and Comparative Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0019","article-title":"Feline Lymphoma: Patient Characteristics and Response Outcome of the COP-Protocol in Cats With Malignant Lymphoma in The Netherlands","volume":"13","author":"Versteegh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0020","first-page":"824","article-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy: Principles and Practice","author":"Chabner","year":"1996","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1988.193.09.1114","article-title":"Uses of Vincristine and Vinblastine in Dogs and Cats","volume":"193","author":"Golden","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13667","article-title":"Clinical Characterisation and Long-Term Survival of Paediatric and Juvenile Lymphoma in Cats: 33 Cases (2008\u20132022)","volume":"64","author":"Rogato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Small Animal Practice"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X221101533","article-title":"Pegylated Asparaginase in Feline High-Grade Lymphoma: Clinical Results of Single Injection and Continued Incorporation Into a Modified COP Regimen","volume":"24","author":"Krupa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.242.8.1104","article-title":"Lymphoma in Cats Treated With a Weekly Cyclophosphamide-, Vincristine-, and Prednisone-Based Protocol: 114 Cases (1998\u20132008)","volume":"242","author":"Waite","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1998.tb12300.x","article-title":"Clinical and Anatomical Features of Lymphosarcoma in 118 Cats","volume":"76","author":"Gabor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"2026020302494522200_jvim70066-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.13-0260","article-title":"Prognostic Analyses on Anatomical and Morphological Classification of Feline Lymphoma","volume":"76","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/39\/2\/jvim70066\/66651377\/jvim70066.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article-pdf\/39\/2\/jvim70066\/66651377\/jvim70066.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T07:49:56Z","timestamp":1770104996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jvim\/article\/doi\/10.1111\/jvim.70066\/8446903"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.70066","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jvim70066"}}