{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:11:11Z","timestamp":1780409471571,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":234,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut Carnot France Futur Elevage"},{"name":"MSD Animal Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) could improve antibiotic treatment selection in cattle with respiratory diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluate the association between respiratory pathogens and consolidations on TUS in feedlot cattle, at both individual and group levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 221 bulls, aged 8.8\u2009months and weighing 322.5\u2009\u00b1\u2009160\u2009kg, from nine farms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study including all data from clinical examinations and TUS collected weekly during the first month on feed. Pathogens were assessed by seroconversion (all animals) and qPCR on nasal swabs (sick animals). At the individual level, the association between pathogen detection and TUS consolidation was investigated using univariate logistic regression, and the ability of consolidation size to differentiate bacterial from non-bacterial pneumonia was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Principal component analysis identified clusters at the group level based on pathogen detection and TUS results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the individual level, bulls infected with multiple pathogens (odds ratio [OR], 8.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.21\u201329.8) or a single virus (OR, 5.49; 95% CI, 1.42\u201321.3) were more likely to have consolidations than those not infected. A total consolidation size &amp;gt;\u200914\u2009cm2 in the scanned thoracic region differentiated bacterial from non-bacterial pneumonia with a sensitivity of 47.8% (95% CI, 36.4\u201383.3) and specificity of 94.1% (95% CI, 60.0\u2013100.0). These results were consistent at the group level; clustering based on bacterial versus non-bacterial etiology correlated with the number and size of consolidations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consolidation size could help differentiate bacterial from non-bacterial pneumonia, guiding treatment at both individual and group levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T01:29:08Z","timestamp":1748827748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thoracic Ultrasonography Findings and Their Association With Respiratory Pathogens in 221 Young Beef Cattle at Fattening Farms: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4169-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maud","family":"Rouault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Foucras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHAP, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT , Toulouse,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Meurens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , Saint-Hyacinthe, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Assi\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris, INRAE, BIOEPAR , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026022003425432300_jvim70141-bib-0001","article-title":"An Evaluation of the Economic Effects of Bovine Respiratory Disease on Animal Performance, Carcass Traits, and Economic Outcomes in Feedlot Cattle Defined Using Four BRD Diagnosis Methods","volume":"98","author":"Blakebrough-Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026022003425432300_jvim70141-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2020.03.009","article-title":"Bovine Respiratory Disease: Looking Back and Looking Forward, What Do we See?","volume":"36","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics of North America. 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