{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:40:32Z","timestamp":1788432032716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":234,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science at Mahidol University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ehrlichia, Hepatozoon, and Babesia have the potential to cause life-threatening illnesses in dogs, especially when coinfections occur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the infection rates, coinfection patterns, and risk factors associated with these pathogens in central Thailand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two thousand five hundred nineteen owned dogs presented with clinical abnormalities consistent with tick-borne diseases between 2019 and 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study, blood samples were analyzed using multiplex PCR to assess infection rates. The study compared infection rates across different sexes and age groups and tracked monthly variations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 19.02% (95% CI: 17.50\u201320.60) of dogs were infected by one pathogen infection: Ehrlichia 11.47% (10.25\u201312.78), Babesia 2.78% (2.17\u20133.50), and Hepatozoon 1.83% (1.34\u20132.43). Infections occurred year-round but peaked in May. Coinfections were observed in 2.94% (2.31\u20133.67) of cases. Among infected dogs, coinfections were identified in 34% (36\/106) and 53% (52\/98) of dogs with babesiosis or hepatozoonosis, respectively, whereas 19% (69\/358) of dogs with ehrlichiosis were co-infected. Coinfections peaked in April, occurred in all age groups, and were more frequent in dogs younger than 1\u2009year compared to dogs older than 7\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive diagnostic testing for multiple pathogens and tick prevention in dogs living in this region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T21:44:52Z","timestamp":1748641492000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<i>Ehrlichia<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>Hepatozoon<\/i>\n                    , and\n                    <i>Babesia<\/i>\n                    Coinfection Patterns Among Owned Dogs in Central Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3117-8867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rungrote","family":"Osathanon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahidol University Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Public Health, , Nakhon Pathom,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aeknarin","family":"Saechin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University , Nakhon Pathom,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chalisa","family":"Mongkolphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University , 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