{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:01:17Z","timestamp":1788454877362,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":234,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In human medicine, focal seizures can clinically express as autonomic signs, such as gastrointestinal dysfunction, cardiovascular changes, and variation of pupillary size; but little is known about possible presentations of autonomic seizures in veterinary medicine. Three dogs were presented for recurrent episodes characterized by hypersalivation, vomiting, retching, and signs of abdominal discomfort. Neurological examinations were normal between episodes. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings identified ictal or interictal epileptiform discharges in all dogs. Based on clinical signs and EEG findings, a diagnosis of focal autonomic seizures was made. There was a notable positive response of clinical signs to antiepileptic treatment. These cases highlight the diverse clinical presentations of focal autonomic seizures in dogs and emphasize the diagnostic value of EEG in these cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T06:09:25Z","timestamp":1749622165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Focal Autonomic Seizures Manifesting With Prevailing Signs of Gastrointestinal Disorder in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1374-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solene","family":"Diop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d'Alfort , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Univ Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil, INSERM, U955 IMRB \u201cBiology of the Neuromuscular System\u201d Team , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Vet AgroSup Small Animal Internal Medicine Department, , Marcy l'Etoile,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0185-7738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Van Caenegem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire AniCura TRIOVet , Rennes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Escriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Vet AgroSup Small Animal Internal Medicine Department, , Marcy l'Etoile,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2041-078X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Freiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d'Alfort , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8982-0317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Blot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d'Alfort , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Univ Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil, INSERM, U955 IMRB \u201cBiology of the Neuromuscular System\u201d Team , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13670","article-title":"Operational Classification of Seizure Types by the International League Against Epilepsy: Position Paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology","volume":"58","author":"Fisher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0462-1","article-title":"International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force Consensus Proposal: Diagnostic Approach to Epilepsy in Dogs","volume":"11","author":"De Risio","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Veterinary Research"},{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01087.x","article-title":"Autonomic Status Epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome and Other Childhood and Adult Epilepsies: A Consensus View","volume":"48","author":"Ferrie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.08.020","article-title":"Autonomic Epileptic Seizures, Autonomic Effects of Seizures, and SUDEP","volume":"26","author":"Moseley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy & Behavior"},{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206000508","article-title":"Panayiotopoulos Syndrome: A Consensus View","volume":"48","author":"Ferrie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"2026022003413855600_jvim70158-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340604","article-title":"Characteristics of Medial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: I. 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