{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:01:30Z","timestamp":1792422090233,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":171,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Small Animal Medicine Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survival of dogs with pheochromocytoma (PCC) treated with adrenoreceptor antagonists has not been described or compared to surgically managed cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study is to evaluate the survival of medically and surgically managed dogs with PCC and investigate factors associated with survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred fifty-five dogs with PCC, treated with alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists (AA) without adrenalectomy (Group 1, n\u2009=\u200975), adrenalectomy +\/\u2013 AA (Group 2, n\u2009=\u2009128), or neither treatment (Group 3, n\u2009=\u200952).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, multicenter review of medical records. Median overall survival time (OST) for Groups 1 and 2 combined was calculated using Kaplan\u2013Meier estimates, and then compared between Group 1 and Group 2 using Log-Rank testing. Cox proportional hazard analysis identified factors associated with survival in Groups 1 and 2 individually and combined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median OST for all cases was 854 (95% CI: 572\u20131136) days. Median OST was lower in Group 1 (247\u2009days, 95% CI: 76\u2013418\u2009days) than in Group 2 (927\u2009days, 95% CI: 587\u20131267\u2009days; p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). In Group 2, 88\/92 dogs (97.8%) that received presurgical AA treatment survived to discharge compared to 23\/27 (85.2%) that did not receive AA pretreatment (p\u2009=\u20090.03). Lack of clinical signs at presentation was associated with increased survival in both groups combined (HR 0.5; 95% CI 0.3\u20130.9; p\u2009=\u20090.02) and in Group 2 alone (HR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1\u20130.7; p\u2009=\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs with PCC treated with adrenalectomy have longer survival compared to those managed with AA without adrenalectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T06:28:27Z","timestamp":1756794507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis of Long-Term Survival in 255 Dogs With Pheochromocytoma Treated With Alpha-Adrenoreceptor Antagonists or Surgery (2010\u20132021)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1395-6506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew M. E.","family":"Steele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists , Chester,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College , London,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2016-119X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marit F.","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Utrecht,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9159-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Galac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Utrecht,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Dordio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Davies Veterinary Specialists , Hitchin,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Threlfall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Davies Veterinary Specialists , Hitchin,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists , Winchester,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"The Queens Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge , Cambridge,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists , Winchester,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Hamilton Specialist Referrals , Wycombe,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirja","family":"Nolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich , Zurich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8256-0137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadja","family":"Sieber-Ruckstuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich , Zurich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3947-5655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghita","family":"Benchekroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d'Alfort, CHUVA, Unit\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Interne , Maisons-Alfort,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus","family":"Allerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Willows Veterinary Specialists , Shirley,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Downs Specialist Referrals , Bletchingley,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Spence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Downs Specialist Referrals , Bletchingley,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"London Vet Specialists , London,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Valiente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Downs Specialist Referrals , Bletchingley,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Veterinary Specialty Hospital of Hong Kong , Kowloon,","place":["People's Republic 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Bern,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7313-4670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Pena-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Referral Hospital, Langford Vets, University of Bristol , Bristol,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Lloyd-Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Dick White Referrals , Cambridge,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayank","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dick White Referrals , Cambridge,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Stansted Veterinary Specialists , Bishop's 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Leipzig,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3671-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Silverstrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool , Liverpool,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Lyssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Li\u00e8ge , Li\u00e8ge,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Vangrinsven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Li\u00e8ge , 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Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmel T.","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College Dublin Veterinary Hospital , Dublin,","place":["Republic of Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2463-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo O.","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health\/Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon , Lisbon,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina Maria","family":"Piekos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastcott Veterinary Referrals , Swindon,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastcott Veterinary Referrals , Swindon,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillame","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Vet Specialists , Bristol,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Caulfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College , London,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Lumbray Park Veterinary Specialists , Alton,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Keyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lumbray Park Veterinary Specialists , 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London,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026022003571731800_jvim70220-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03222.x","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in 50 Dogs","volume":"8","author":"Gilson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026022003571731800_jvim70220-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00464.x","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in Dogs: 61 Cases (1984\u20131995)","volume":"11","author":"Barthez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026022003571731800_jvim70220-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12291","article-title":"Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas in Humans and 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