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This review summarizes and appraises current knowledge on the physico\u2010chemical, pharmacological [pharmacokinetics (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>) and pharmacodynamics (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>)], safety and therapeutic properties of pradofloxacin in the target species. Pradofloxacin contains two centres of asymmetry and is the pure<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>enantiomer. After oral dosing of tablets (dog) or tablets and oral suspension (cat), maximum plasma concentrations (C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) are achieved in less than 3.0\u00a0h, and terminal half\u2010life is of the order of 5\u201310\u00a0h. Accumulation is slight or absent with once daily oral dosing. Free drug concentrations in plasma are in the range of 63\u201371% of total concentration. As for other fluoroquinolones, antibacterial activity is attributable to inhibition of bacterial replication at two sites, subunit A of topoisomerase<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>and topoisomerase<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>. The antimicrobial spectrum includes gram\u2010negative and gram\u2010positive organisms, anaerobes,<jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>spp. and some intracellular organisms (<jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>spp. and<jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>spp.). The killing action is of the concentration\u2010dependent type. Pradofloxacin has high potency (low<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>values) in comparison with first\u2010 and second\u2010generation fluoroquinolones. Integration of<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>data provides values of C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>and area under plasma concentration\u2013time curve (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>24\u00a0h<\/jats:sub>)\/<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>ratios predictive of good clinical efficacy against sensitive organisms, when administered at recommended dose rates. Clinical trial evaluation of pradofloxacin, in comparison with other authorized antimicrobial drugs, has demonstrated either noninferiority or superiority of pradofloxacin. Data indicating clinical and, in some instances, bacteriological cure have been reported: (i) in cats, for wound infections, abscesses, upper respiratory tract infections, conjunctivitis, feline infectious anaemia and lower urinary tract infections and (ii) in dogs, for wound infections, superficial and deep pyoderma, acute urinary tract infections and adjunctive treatment of infections of gingival and periodontal tissues. At clinical dose rates pradofloxacin was well tolerated in preclinical studies and in clinical trials. Among the advantages of pradofloxacin are (i) successful treatment of infections caused by strains resistant to some other fluoroquinolones, as predicted by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>data, but depending on the specific<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>of the target strain and (ii) a reduced propensity for resistance development based on<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPC<\/jats:styled-content>measurements. The preclinical and clinical data on pradofloxacin suggest that this drug should commonly be the fluoroquinolone of choice when a drug of this class is indicated. However, the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>data on pradofloxacin, in comparison with other fluoroquinolones, are not a factor that leads automatically to greater clinical efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T11:32:48Z","timestamp":1360841568000},"page":"209-221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and therapeutics of pradofloxacin in the dog and cat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Lees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College Hawkshead Campus Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Program and Abstracts 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