{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:18:45Z","timestamp":1772000325658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31702291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31702291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>) infection causes substantial economic loss in the duck industry. Danofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone solely used in animals, shows good antibacterial activity against<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>. In this study, the in vitro pharmacodynamics of danofloxacin against<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>was studied. The serum and lung tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin were studied in healthy and<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>infected ducks following oral administration of a single dose of 5\u00a0mg\/kg body weight (b.w.). The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBC<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPC<\/jats:styled-content>of danofloxacin against<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>(C<jats:sub>48\u20101<\/jats:sub>) were 0.25, 1 and 3.2\u00a0\u03bcg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ml<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively. The<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>max was 0.34\u00a0\u03bcg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ml<\/jats:styled-content>, attained at 2.03\u00a0hr in healthy ducks, and was 0.35\u00a0\u03bcg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ml<\/jats:styled-content>, attained at 2.87\u00a0hr in diseased ducks. Compared to the serum pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in healthy ducks, the absorption rate and extent were similar in healthy and diseased animals. In contrast, the elimination rate was slower, with an elimination half\u2010life (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2\u03b2<\/jats:sub>) of 13.17 and 16.18\u00a0hr for healthy and infected animals, respectively; the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>s in the two groups were 5.70 and 7.68\u00a0\u03bcg\u00a0hr\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ml<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively, which means the total amount of drug in the circulation was increased in the infected ducks. The maximum concentration in lung tissues between healthy and infected animals was not significantly different (8.96 vs. 8.93\u00a0\u03bcg\/g). However, the<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>in healthy ducks was longer than that in infected ducks (4\u00a0hr vs. 1.75\u00a0hr), which means that the distribution rate of danofloxacin was slower in healthy ducks. The concentration of danofloxacin in lung tissues was approximately 24\u2010fold higher than that in the serum. In the serum pharmacokinetic profiles, the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\u0192AUC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>0\u201024\u00a0hr<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>was 18.19 in healthy ducks and was 25.04 in<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>infected ducks at the clinical recommended dose, which is far from the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>target (125\u00a0hr) of fluoroquinolones. Danofloxacin, at a dose of 5\u00a0mg\/kg b.w., seems to be insufficient for ducks infected with<jats:italic>P.\u00a0multocida<\/jats:italic>, with an<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>equal to 0.25\u00a0\u03bcg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ml<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T04:38:59Z","timestamp":1536122339000},"page":"912-918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Comparative pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in healthy and<i>Pasteurella multocida<\/i>infected ducks"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co\u2010innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weixuan","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjia","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6486-9600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co\u2010innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00022-5"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.06.937","article-title":"Lung tissue concentrations and plasma pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in calves with acute pneumonia","volume":"54","author":"Apley M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00104-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.2.433-438.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1996.tb00001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00759"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Carter G. 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