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Fifty\u2010four Jersey cows were randomly assigned to six groups receiving a single<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>dose of 10, 15, or 20\u00a0mg\/kg of Enro\u2010C (Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>, Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>15<\/jats:sub>, Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>) or Enro\u2010R. Serial serum samples were collected and enrofloxacin concentrations quantified. A composite set of minimum inhibitory concentrations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>) of<jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>spp. was utilized to calculate<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>ratios: maximum serum concentration\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>) and area under the serum vs. time concentration of enrofloxacin\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>0\u201024<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>). Monte Carlo simulations targeted<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>0\u201024<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a0125. Mean<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>obtained were 6.17 and 2.46\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml; 8.75 and 3.54\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml; and 13.89 and 4.25\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml, respectively for Enro\u2010C and Enro\u2010R.<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>ratios were 6.17 and 2.46, 8.75 and 3.54, and 13.89 and 4.25 for Enro\u2010C and Enro\u2010R, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations based on<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a010 indicate that only Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>15<\/jats:sub>and Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cows, predicting a success rate \u226595% when<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml, and \u226580% when<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a01.0\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml. Although Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>15<\/jats:sub>and Enro\u2010C<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cattle, clinical trials are necessary to confirm this proposal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T04:29:59Z","timestamp":1549254599000},"page":"300-308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin<scp>HC<\/scp>l\u20102H<sub>2<\/sub>O (<scp>ENRO<\/scp>\u2010C),<scp>PK<\/scp>\/<scp>PD<\/scp>, and Monte Carlo modeling vs<i>. Leptospira<\/i>spp. in cows"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4823-0388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilia","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 \u00c1.","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe A.","family":"Bustos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics Autonomous Technological Institute of Mexico (ITAM) Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8802-5274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hector","family":"Sumano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.219.636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2015.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"300","article-title":"Impact of crystal polymorphism on the systemic bioavailability of rifaximin, an antibiotic acting locally in the gastrointestinal tract, in healthy volunteers","volume":"9","author":"Blandizzi C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cg200492w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2013.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/vet-1504-104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01285-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"EMEA: The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. 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